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Chapter 9 Earth
Chapter 9 Earth
Chapter 9 Earth
Earth
9.1 The System and Structure of the Earth
Earth system consists of four main components
which are interconnected
HYDROSPHERE
- Water zone (river, lake, sea)
- Also include underground water and water
vapour in the atmosphere
ATMOSPHERE
- Air zone covering
the Earth’s surface
BIOSPHERE
- Life zone consists of variety life (human,
animals, plants, microorganisms)
GEOSPHERE
- Rock and soil zone on Earth’s surface
ATMOSPHERIC STRATIFICATION
- Contains light gas (He, H2)
- Communications satellite orbiting earth in
this layer
- Also known as ionosphere
- Aurora occurs here
- Burning and destruction of meteorites occur
- Aircraft flights stable in this layer
- Ozone layer (absorb harmful ultraviolet) is
found here,deplete when CFC break it down
- The layer where living organism breathes
and wind blows
- clouds, rain and snow form
Empty bottle change
shape when taken down
Relationship Between the mountain
Air Pressure and
Altitude Chip bag puffed
up in the flight
OCEAN STRATIFICATION
Surface zone
Midnight zone
Dark zone
Surface zone - Water is very shallow
- Light can penetrate
- Suitable as a habitat
for plants
Midnight zone
- Little or no light
- Difficult for plants to live
- Habitat for large marine
animals (giant squid, whale)
- Very deep
Dark zone - No light can reach it
- Most animals have
shimmering
bodies/glow in the dark
Distribution Of Water On Earth
- Water cycle
process is
continuous
- Total amount
of water is
always
constant
Ground water
also will discharge
into the sea
EARTH’S LAYERS
Metamorphic rock
Igneous rock
sedimentary rock
Types And Characteristics Of Rocks
1 2 3
1. VOLCANISM
9.4 Geohazard Phenomena
- Consequences of the endogenic process
2. EARTHQUAKE
9.4 Geohazard Phenomena
- Consequences of the endogenic process
3. TSUNAMI
Landslide
Global Warming
Sinkhole
Other
Geohazard
QUICKSAND
Usually occur in
wetlands
ACID RAIN
Usually occur in
industrial area
Science and Technology Used to Prepare for Geohazards
TSUNAMI
WARNING Placed at the shoreline to give
SYSTEM(TWS) early warning via satellite
Science and Technology Used to Prepare for Geohazards
- We live in the
epoch: Holocene
period: Quaternary
Era: Cenozoic
Eon: Phanerozoic
FOSSIL Earth’s materials (plants, animals, insects)
which have been submerged and buried for a very
long period of time
non-metallic minerals
rare earth minerals (exist
(coal, petroleum)
together with other rare
elements, unique
properties)
Economic Minerals
metallic minerals (iron ore,
tin, gold)
non-metallic minerals
rare earth minerals (exist
(coal, petroleum)
together with other rare
How are they elements, unique
formed? properties)
HOW ARE COAL FORMED?
HOW ARE PETROLEUM FORMED?
HYDROTHERMAL PROCESS
Advantages:
Tourist Spot
Hot Spring in
Sungai Klah,
Perak
HYDROTHERMAL PROCESS
Advantages:
Electricity
generators
The Negative Effects
Of Unplanned Human Activities
EROSION
DEFORESTATION
Human FLASH FLOOD
AGRICULTURE Activities EXTINCTION OF
that are FLORA&FAUNA
INDUSTRIALISATION
not well- WATER, AIR, THERMAL AND
planned SOUND POLLUTION
OPEN BURNING
GLOBAL WARMING
CHECK YOUR ANSWER..
Summative practice
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