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DEFINITION
POWER QUALITY

POWER QUALITY IS THE

MEASUREMENT OF HOW
CLOSE TO PERFECT AN
ELECTRICAL VOLTAGE IS AT
ANY GIVEN TIME OR POINT.

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POWER QUALITY

INTRODUCTION

The quality of electrical power is business-critical. As

the technology advances, electrical tools and machinery
are becoming more sensitive to network disturbances
(eg, voltage sags), leading to expensive downtimes and
production losses which in turn affects productivity and
business revenues.

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 POOR QUALITY CAUSES
POWER QUALITY

1. Uncertain Events
Most of the problems in power quality are caused by random events like faults, resonance,
lightning etc.
2. Services End

Generation Transmission Distribution

end End end
Power quality gets affected in
Power quality issues at the Voltage drop, interruptions,
transmission lines due to wind
generating end arise due transients, spikes,
interrupting the power supply,
to expansion, transformer energization etc.
voltage variations, lightning,
4 maintenance, scheduling, are the reasons of poor
improper functioning of voltage
outages and load shifting power quality in the
regulation devices etc
distribution system
 COMMON POOR QUALITY ISSUES
POWER QUALITY

Transients:
the pulses occurring in a sinusoidal
waveform for a short duration but of high
intensity

Transients are power quality

disturbance that involve destructive
high magnitudes of voltage and
current or both.
sources :-
• Lighting strikes
• Switching activities
• Lose connection in distribution
system.
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 COMMON POOR QUALITY ISSUES
POWER QUALITY

Unbalanced Voltages

Unbalanced voltages mean that voltages of a 3

phase system are different in either magnitude
or phase difference between each of two
phases is not same Unbalanced Voltages

Causes:-
• Large single phase loads(induction ,traction)
• Incorrect distribution of all single phases.
Consequences :-
• Its harmful to all three phase loads.
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 POOR POWER FACTOR
PRESENTATION TITLE

 the ratio of true power used in a circuit to the apparent power delivered to the circuit
relationship (phase) of current and voltage in AC electrical distribution systems. Under ideal conditions
current and voltage are “in phase” and the power factor is “100%..

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 EXCESSIVE HARMONICS
PRESENTATION TITLE

Harmonics are the result of nonlinear loads that convert AC line voltage to DC.
Harmonics flow into the electrical system because of nonlinear electronic switching
devices, such as variable frequency drives (VFDs)

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 POWER QUALITY TRENDS
POWER QUALITY

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 POWER QUALITY TRENDS
POWER QUALITY

Harmonics :

Harmonics are the result of nonlinear loads that convert

AC line voltage to DC
At lower voltage levels, an increase in harmonic generation is
expected, caused by widespread photovoltaic (PV) generation,
usage of energy storage, electric vehicle charging/discharging
and increasing converter-interfaced loads at a domestic level.

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 POWER QUALITY TRENDS
POWER QUALITY

Under voltage over voltage :

In distribution networks, over voltage can lead to excess energy

consumption, transformer core saturation and stressing of insulation,
leading to premature failure.

The voltage drop can result in lower power consumption, failure of

HID lamps, reduced torque from mains-connected motors

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 POWER QUALITY TRENDS
POWER QUALITY

Sags:

Voltage Drop, typically caused by system faults, transformer

energization, or large motors starting, can become more frequent and
severe in distribution networks.

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13
PRESENTATION TITLE
 POWER QUALITY TRENDS
POWER QUALITY

Voltage Imbalance :

•Uneven three-phase loads or unequal distribution of single-phase loads.

•Intermittent loads at the low-voltage level - such as electric vehicle charging
points and heat pumps - will have an increased power capacity and are likely to
introduce more imbalance.

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POWER QUALITY

Thanks
.