WASTE

MANAGEMENT

PALLAVI NAIK
2VX22RA002
 INTRODUCTION

 Since the beginning, Human kind has been generating waste.

 It could be in the form of:
 Bones
 Other parts of animals they slaughter
 Wood
 With the progress of civilization the waste generated became
of a more complex nature.
 WASTE

 It is defined as:
Waste (also known as rubbish, trash,
refuse, garbage, junk) is any unwanted or
useless materials.
OR
“Any materials unused and rejected as
worthless or unwanted” and “A useless or
profitless activity; using or expending or
consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly”
 TYPES OF WASTE

 Solid Waste
 Liquid Waste
 Gaseous Wastes
 Animal by-products
 Biodegradable waste
 Biomedical waste
 Bulky waste
 Business waste
 With rising urbanization and change in
lifestyle and food habits, the amount of
municipal solid waste has been increasing
rapidly and its composition changing.
 The existing landfills are neither well
equipped or well managed and are not lined
properly to protect against contamination of
soil and groundwater.
 In the industrial sector, the major
generators of hazardous waste are the
metal, chemical, paper, pesticide, dye,
refining, and rubber goods industries.
 The type of litter we generate and the approximate
time it takes to degenerate
Type of litter Approximate time it takes to
degenerate the litter

Organic waste such as vegetable and fruit

A week or two.
peels, leftover foodstuff, etc

Paper 10–30 days

Cotton cloth 2–5 months
Wood 10–15 years
Woolen items 1 year
Tin, aluminum, and other metal items
100–500 years
such as cans
Plastic bags one million years
Glass bottles Undetermined
SOURCES AND OTHER TYPES OF WASTE

Source Typical Waste Types of solid

Generators wastes

 Food wastes
1:Residential Single and multifamily  Paper
dwellings  Plastics
 Textiles
 Leather
  Wood
2:Construction and New construction sites,
 steel
demolition road repair, renovation
 concrete
sites, demolition of
 dirt etc.
buildings

 Street sweepings
3:Municipal services Street cleaning,
 landscape and tree
landscaping, parks,
trimmings
beaches, other
 General wastes from
recreational areas, water
parks
and wastewater treatment
 Beaches
plants.
 Recreational areas;
sludge.

 Industrial process
4:Process (manufacturing Heavy and light
wastes
etc.) manufacturing, refineries,
 Scrap materials
chemical plants, power
 Off-specification
plants, mineral extraction
products.
and processing.
 Spoiled food wastes
 composition of a city waste

The composition of a city waste is as follows:

Composition of City Waste

a. Paper, wood, cardboard 53 %
60%
50%
b. Garbage 22 % 40%

Percentages
30% Series1
c. Ceramics, glass, crockery 10 % 20%
10%
d. Metals 8 % 0%
Paper, Garbage Ceramic, metals Rubber,
e. Rubber, plastics, discarded textiles 7 % w ood, glass plastics,
cardboard crokery discarded
textiles
Type of Wastes
 WASTE MANAGEMENT

4 R’s CONCEPT
 Four Rs (Refuse, Reuse, Recycle and Reduce) to be followed for waste management.

 Waste is defined as unwanted and unusable materials and is regarded as a

substance that is of no use.
Waste that we see in our surroundings is also known as garbage.
Garbage is mainly considered a solid waste that includes wastes from our houses, wastes
from schools and offices, and wastes from industries and factories.
The 4R means Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Restore