Watch Ice Age: Continental Drift | Ice Age 4: Scrat Continental Crack Up

https://youtu.be/zocutif0cQY
 The crust is the rocky outer
layer. It is thin compared to the
other sections, approximately 5
to 70 km thick. The mantle is
The crust is made up semi-molten and
of plates. There are about 3,000 km
two types of crust: thick.
oceanic and
continental plate.
The oceanic crust is
found under the sea
and is thinner and
more dense than the
continental crust.
The outer core
is 2,000 km
thick and is a
liquid.

The inner core is 5,500°C -

extremely hot. It is a very dense
solid made from iron and nickel.
2. Plate Tectonics
World Map
• The Earth's surface is made up of large plates (like pieces of a jigsaw).
• These plates are constantly travelling at a few centimetres per year.
• The ocean floors are spreading from the centre and sinking at the edges.
• Convection currents beneath the plates move the plates in different directions.
 Plate tectonic theory
• One of the main
pieces of evidence
that scientists and
geographers use to
know how old the
earth is, is the
theory of plate
tectonics.
• This means that
huge pieces of rock
within the Earth are
actually moving
apart, towards or
against each other.
© www.teachitgeography.co.uk 2018
My name is Alfred Wegner and I was the
first person to put forward the theory of
plate tectonics. I told people about it in
1912, but no one really believed it until the
1950s. I noticed that the shapes of the
continents seemed to fit together like a
jigsaw, and also that various species are
found in different parts of the world, even
though they are separated by oceans.
https://youtu.be/_
5q8hzF9VVE
WATCH LEISURELY…..
25892 6
 Plate movement
• https://
youtu.be/QDqskltCixA
Watch the video- The Early
Earth and Plate Tectonics

Heat from the core causes

convection currents in the
mantle. These currents
slowly move the crust
around. In some places the
crust is destroyed. In other
places new crust is formed.
 Plate movement
• Tectonic plates are pieces of the rocky outer layer of
the Earth known as the crust.
• Earthquakes and volcanoes are primarily found at plate
boundaries (It is where the plates meet).
• The tectonic plates are like giant rafts that slowly move
around. Their movement is driven by convection
currents in the mantle. The mantle is much hotter than
the crust and its rock is molten.
• At the boundaries between plates, molten magma is
able to force its way to the surface and escape as lava.
 Plate boundaries
• There are a number of
different types of plate
boundary.
1)Destructive Plate Margin
2)Collision Plate Margin form
when two continental plates
collide. Neither plate is forced
under the other, and so both
are forced up and form fold
https://youtu.be/yBr-D1cFmEs
mountains. E.g Himalayas
Watch…. Tectonic Plates - The Skin of Our
3) Constructive Plate Margin Planet | Down to Earth
4) Conservative Plate margin
 Eurasian Plate
Destructive
Plate Boundary

Plate

Indian Plate

Plate

Mantle

A destructive plate boundary is where two plates push

against each other causing violent earthquakes, volcanoes
and mountain ranges to be formed.
 Constructive Plate
Plate
Boundary
Plate
Mantle

Two plates move away from

each other.

Molten rock (magma) rises Arabian Plate

from the mantle to fill the
gap between the two plates.

Causes volcanoes and

earthquakes but also forms Red Sea
mid-ocean ridges that African Plate
develop into islands.
 Causes earthquakes, which
can be fairly violent and
frequent.

Two plates slide past each

other, without creating or
destroying any land.

As they move past each other

they often get stuck,
building up great pressure
until finally they jolt past
each other. This sudden
movement is what causes
earthquakes.
Plates

Conservative Plate
Boundary Mantle
 Plate Tectonics
• Identify the major tectonic plates that make up
part of the Earth’s crust.

• Describe the direction of plate movement at

each type of plate boundary.
Summary