DISASTER READINESS AND RISK

REDUCTION
Earthquake Hazard Map and Precautionary
Measures for Earthquakes
Part 2
In this session we will discuss:

• Concepts of Magnitude and Intensity

• Hazard Map
• Precautionary Measure for
Earthquakes
• Checking for Hazards
CONCEPTS OF MAGNITUDE AND
INTENSITY
Magnitude

• The amount of energy released, measured

by the amount of ground displacement or
shaking.
• It is calculated based on record of the
earthquake (seismograph).
• It is represented by Arabic numbers (ex.
4.8, 9.0)
Intensity

• The strength of an earthquake as perceived

and felt by people in a certain locality.
• It is a numerical rating based on relative
effects to people, objects, environment and
structures in the surroundings.
• It is represented by Roman Numerals (ex.
II, IV, IX).
HAZARD MAP
Hazard Map

• a map which shows areas that are

vulnerable to particular hazards such
earthquakes, cyclones, flooding, volcanic
activity
• Leads to correct action on risk reduction.
• Enables people to take an escape route and
safe places.
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE FOR
EARTHQUAKES
Before an Earthquake:

 Create an earthquake readiness plan with your

household.  
• Come up with a meeting point for your friends and
family.
• Practice dropping down and taking cover so that it
comes naturally to you when an earthquake strikes. 
• Be prepared with an earthquake kit.
• Secure heavy items from falling.
• Choose earthquake safe areas in your house.
During an Earthquake:

• Drop down to your knees. This way the earthquake

cannot knock you over.
• Take cover. If possible crawl under a heavy piece of
furniture.
• Hold on. If you have anything sturdy near your safe
spot, hold on to it tight until the shaking stops.
• Stay away from furniture that can fall on you, such
as bookcases and televisions.  
During an Earthquake:

• If outside avoid possible falling heavy objects and

debris such as tree, electric wires and post.
After an Earthquake:

• Wear Sturdy Shoes - to avoid injury from broken

glass and debris.
• Expect aftershocks
• Check for Injuries
• If a person is bleeding, put direct pressure on the
wound, use clean gauze or cloth if available
• DO NOT attempt to move seriously injured persons
unless they are in further danger of injury.
• SEEK medical help for serious injuries.
CHECKING FOR HAZARDS
Fire Hazards

• put out fires in your home or neighborhood

immediately, call for help

Gas leaks

• shut off main gas valve ONLY if you

suspect a leak because of broken pipes or
odor
Damaged electrical wiring

• Shut off power at the control box if there

is any danger to house wiring

Spills

• clean up any spilled medicines, drugs, or

other harmful materials
Fallen Items

• Beware of items tumbling off shelves

when you open doors of closets and
cupboards

Food and Water

• Do not eat or drink anything from open

containers near shattered glass