Layers of the Atmosphere:

Altitude and Temperature

Wind Wood oil coal

Solar Energy Water minerals Natural Gas

 Atmosphere
Almos Sphaira
 Vapor  Sphere or Ball
Atmosphere
 Layer of gases surrounding
a planet that is held by the
gravity of the planet
Atmosphere
 combination of
 blanket of air  jacket
gases that
that surrounds for our surrounds a
the planet planet planet, like
Earth
 keeps us warm,  blanket of air that
gives us oxygen surrounds the
to breathe planet
• nitrogen (78%),
• oxygen (21%),
• argon (1%),
• trace amounts:
-greenhouse emission
-neon
-helium
-methane
-krypton
-hydrogen
-laughing gas
-xenon
-ozone
5 Layers of the EXOSPHERE
Atmosphere
THERMOSPHERE
MESOSPHERE
STRATOSPHERE
TROPOSPHERE
 TROPOSPHER happens different
E weather phenomenon
layer closest to the Earth’s surface
Thickness – 8-13 kilometers aircraft may experience
composed mostly of water vapor turbulence
has clouds that we can see in the sky
TROPOSPHER Trophos – “change”
E
Atmospheric condition is always changing, air is never still and
circulating
Temperature: 30˚ to -60˚C
Temperature - Altitude

Temperature decreases
with increasing altitude
Tropopause-boundary between troposphere and stratosphere
STRATOSPHER
Stratos – “layer”
E
air movement is fairly uniform
Average height – 50 kilometers from Earth’s surface
Temperature: -50˚ to -60˚C

Temperature - Altitude

Temperature increases
with increasing altitude
STRATOSPHER
E
increased absorption of UVR by the Ozonosphere
 The increase in temperature with height occurs due to absorption
of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
Ozonosphere - Ozone Layer
Ozone is an oxygen molecule that filters and absorbs excessive
UVR
ozone protects us from carcinoma and other health damage

Stratopause-boundary between stratosphere and mesosphere

MESOSPHERE Meso – “middle”

Average height – 50-80 km from Earth’s surface

very low oxygen level, air is thin and cold, temperature:
-60˚C

Have you seen

a shooting star?
it is actually meteors, When meteors hit the
mesosphere, there are enough gases to cause
friction and build heat
MESOSPHERE

Temperature - Altitude
Temperature decreases
with increasing altitude
Mesopause-boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere
THERMOSPHER
thermo– “heat”
E
thickness– 513 km Temperature: 1500˚C
temperature in this layer is hot due to the absorption of short wave
solar energy by the oxygen and nitrogen atoms
Average height – 80-110km above Earth

Polar lights can also be seen

THERMOSPHER
E
 AURORAS are caused when the solar radiation strikes gases
within the atmosphere above the poles.

 Aurora Borealis – Polar light

in the North Pole
 Aurora Australis – Polar light
in the South Pole
THERMOSPHER
E
 The region of the atmosphere above about 80 km is additionally
caused the "ionosphere", since the energetic radiation hit electrons
off molecules and atoms, converting into "ions" with a charge.
 ionosphere reflects and absorbs radio waves, permit us to receive
shortwave radio broadcasts in other parts of the planet

Thermopause -boundary between thermosphere and exosphere

EXOSPHERE Exo – “outer”

Outermost layer that is mainly composed of Hydrogen and Helium

and Air is extremely thin
Average height – 16000 to 28000 km
 atoms and molecules move out into space
where Earth’s Satellites and Space Shuttle can be seen
TROPOSPHER
MESOSPHERE
E
Temperature - Altitude

Temperature decreases
with increasing altitude
STRATOSPHER
EXOSPHERE
E THERMOSPHER
E
Temperature - Altitude

Temperature increases
with increasing altitude
 WATCH!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7Ci_EooW-k
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jugnTFNQoZU
Mrs. Baby Ventura
Science Teacher