MEDIA AND

INFORMATION
LITERACY
Lesson 1: Introduction to Media
and Information Literacy:
COMMUNICATION & TURROW
COMMUNICATION

Refers to people, or groups of people imparting or

exchanging messages through speaking, writing, gestures,
or even using other symbolic forms by utilizing a variety of
channels for sending and receiving.
Turrow ( 2009 )

- Defines messages as a “collection of symbols that appear

purposefully organized (meaningful) to those sending or
receiving them.”
8 ELEMENTS OF A MESSAGE
(1.TURROW )
SOURCE - where the message came from. It can be a person or an
organization. When you talk to your friend to tell him/her
something, you are the source of the message.
2. ENCODING - the process by which a message is translated so it
can be transmitted and communicated to another party. It is how
you compose your sentence as you communicate.
3. TRANSMITTING - the actual act of sending the message.
4. CHANNELS - technologies are the lines that enable the act of
sending or transmitting. It could be the telephone, the internet for voice
operated applications, the radio and television, or the print media to
communicate more complex messages.

5. DECODING - the transmitted impulses are converted to signs as

the brain perceives and processes it. A process also by which the
receiver translate’s the source’s thoughts and ideas so they can have
meaning.
6. RECEIVER - the receiver is the one who gets the message that
was transmitted through the channels. Like the source or sender, the
receiver can be an individual or an organization.

7. FEEDBACK - is the response generated by the message that

was sent to the receiver. It can either be immediate or delayed.

8. NOISE INTERFERENCE - known as noise, may be treated

both literally and figuratively.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION - a form of communication that
involves two to three individuals interacting through the use of their voices and
bodies.

MEDIATED INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION - a

communication becomes mediated through the use of devices such as pen,
telephone, or computer.

ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION - people communicate

differently in a working environment.