Clocks

• Hands- Minute hand and Hour hand

• Angle between hands of clock
• Type of problems
• Concept of incorrect clock
 Clocks

• Introduction
• The Concept of the same as the concept of circular motion. Just like in circular motion, in case
of clock the hour hand and the minute hand are continuously racing against each other around
a circle.
• We can also use Linear interpolation for problems of clocks
• Concept of Clock
• The hour hand travels 5 min or 30 in 1 hour. Similarly, the minute hand travels 60 min or 360
in 1 hour.
• Therefore in one hour, the minute hand .moves 55 min or 330 more than the hour hand . This
can also be called as the relative speed between the minute hand and the hour hand.

Actual Time (min) Movement Relative Movement

Minute Hand Hour Hand
60 60 min 5 min 55 min

60 3600 300 3300

• In simple words we can say Minute hand covers 5.50 relatively in 1 minute
• The Information presented in table 1 is the aspect on
which all problem of clock are based and is to be used as
per the problem type. Different types of problems based
on clock are illustrated as follows.
• 1. The angle between hands of clock at any particular
time
• 2. Exactly at what time between 2 given times both the
hands of clock will coincide
• 3. Exactly at what time between 2 given times both the
hands of clock will be at some given angle
 1. The angle between hands of clock at any particular time

• Example 1: The angle between Hour hand and Minute hand at 3 pm? Which hand is leading?
• Example 2: The angle between Hour hand and Minute hand at 9 am? Which hand is leading?
• Example 3: The angle between Hour hand and Minute hand at 10 am? Which hand is leading?
• Example 4: The angle between Hour hand and Minute hand at 5 pm? Which hand is leading?
• Example 5: The angle between Hour hand and Minute hand at 7:30 pm? Which hand is leading?
• Example 6: The angle between Hour hand and Minute hand at 4:25 pm? Which hand is leading?
2. Exactly at what time between 2 given times both the hands of clock will coincide

• Example 1- At exactly what time between 5

pm & 6 pm the both hands of clock will
coincide for the 1st time
• Solution 1: At exactly 5 pm the hour hand is
leading the minute hand by 1500
2. Exactly at what time between 2 given times both the hands of clock will coincide

• Example 1- At exactly what time between 5 pm

& 6 pm the both hands of clock will coincide for
the 1st time
• Solution 1: At exactly 5 pm the hour hand is
leading the minute hand by 1500
• Time needed by Minute hand to cover 1500
• Relatively = 150/5.5 min = 27:16
• So, both hands coincides at 5:27:16 pm for the
1st time between 5 pm & 6 pm
2. Exactly at what time between 2 given times both the hands of clock will coincide

• Example 2- At exactly what time after 3 pm the both hands of clock will coincide for
the 1st time?
• Example 3- At exactly what time after 7:30 pm the both hands of clock will coincide
for the 1st time?
• Example 3- At exactly what times between 2 pm and 3pm the both hands of clock will
coincide?
• Example 4- At exactly what times between 12 pm both hands of clock will coincide?
• Example 5- In a day, for how many times both hands of clock will coincide?
 3. Exactly at what time between 2 given times both the hands of clock will be at some given angle

• Example 2- At exactly what time after 3:00 pm the both hands of clock will
be at right angle once again?

• Example 3- At exactly what times between 2 pm and 3pm the both hands
of clock will form an angle of 450
 • Other Important Concepts of Clock
• 1. The two hands of a clock coincide once every hour, but in 12 hours they coincide only 11
times. This is because of a single common position between 11 am and 1 pm. Between 11 am
and 1 pm there must be two positions at which they coincide. There is only one position of 12
noon or 12 midnight which is common to and counted in both 11 to 12 and 12 to 1
• 2. The hands are at right angel twice in every hour, but in 12 they are at right angel only 22 times.
This is because of one common position between 2 pm and 4 pm another common position
between 8 pm and 10 pm between 2 pm and 4 pm there must be four right – angle positions
there are only three right angle positions because the right angle at 3 pm to 4 pm . similar the
right angle position at 9 pm is common to both 8 pm to 9 pm and 9 pm to 10 pm
• 3. The Hands point in the opposite direction once in every hour, but in 12 h they are opposite
only 11 times. This is because the opposite position of 6 pm is common to and counted in both 5
pm to 6 pm and 6 pm to 7 pm
• 4. The hands are said to be in the same straight line when ever are coincident or opposite to
each other
• 5. If the two hands of a clock coincide once after how much time will they again coincide? If they
coincide once they will coincide again when the minute hand takes a lead of 60 min on the hour
hand.
• As per the concept the minute hand takes a lead of 60 min on the hour hand
• As per the concept, the minute hand takes a lead of 55 min in 60 min of actual time.
• To cover 60 min more it will require 60 x (12/11_=720/1165 and 5/11 min of actual time.
 Concepts of incorrect clocks

• A. An incorrect Clock can either be a fast clock which gains time or a slow clock which loses time
• When the time in which 2 hands of incorrect clock coincides is given:
• In correct clocks, both hands of the clock must coincide in every min or 65 + min
• Fast Clock
• The two hands of a clock coincide every x minute where x is less than 65+5/11 minutes. This is an example of a
fast clock and therefore it will gain time.
• Time gain per minute=
• Using this equation, the time gain can be calculated per hour or per day as the case may be.
• Show Clock
• The two hands of a clock coincide every x minutes where x is greater than 65+5/11 minutes. This is an example
of a slow clock and therefore it will lose time.
• Time lost per minute=
• Types of problems-
• The time after which both hands of incorrect clock coincide is given, and we have to find time gain or lose in
1 day or for any specified period of time
• The time gain or loss per min/hr/day etc is given. The clock is set right at a time & it is asked what it will
show at some given specified time
•
• Important- We should always try to use concept of linear interpolation to solve problems of incorrect clocks

• Best way-
=
 Example of use of interpolation for incorrect clock

• Example 2- An incorrect clock was showing time 7:55 am at 8:00 am &

8:02 pm at 8:00 pm. At which time it was showing the actual time?
• Solution : In such problems it is always better to use linear interpolation
than the standard formulas. As, we see for the actual tome of 12 hours,
this clock has covered 7 extra minutes. So, it must be a fast clock. It was
showing exact time when it covered 5 minutes. So, it shows exact time
after (5/7)×12 hours = 8 hour & (4/7) × 60 min = 8 hour & 34.3 minutes.
So, the time at which the clock shown exact time is 4:34:18 pm