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On Single Point Tool Geometry: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
On Single Point Tool Geometry: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
On Single Point Tool Geometry: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
3
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
clearance angle :
=0 -
VC + VC
+ + + 4
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
principal cutting
Auxiliary cutting edge
edge
Tool nose
principal flank
Auxiliary flank (clearance) surface
(clearance) surface
5
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
(b) Study of Tool Geometry
(i) Express in Machine Reference System (ASA)
Zm
Ym
Ym
Xm
Xm
R X
Y
feed
Tool Geometry in
Machine Reference System - continued
Definitions
7
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Tool geometry in ASA system
Definition of the tool in ASA system :
• Rake angles, :
x = side rake: angle of inclination of the rake
surface from the reference plane (R) and
measured on Machine Reference Plane, X.
y = back rake: rake angle measured on Y.
• Clearance angles, :
x = side clearance: angle of inclination of the
principal flank from VC and measured on X plane.
y = back clearance: clearance measured on 8Y
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
• Cutting angles :
s = approach angle: inclination of PCE from Y
and measured on R
e = end cutting edge angle: inclination of ACE
from X and measured onR
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Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Yo
Yo Xo
Xo
C
R
Definitions
11
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Tool geometry in ORS - continued
Definition of –
• Rake angles
o = orthogonal rake measured on o
= inclination angle; measured on C
• Clearance angles
o = orthogonal clearance; measured on o
o' = aux. orthogonal clearance: refers to ACE
• Cutting angles
= principal CE angle: angle bet. C and X
1= auxiliary CE angle: refers to ACE 12
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
(b) Study of Tool Geometry
(ii) Tool Reference System
• Normal Rake System, NRS – ISO New
haracteristics of NRS :
• advantages over ASA and ORS
— ASA system is conv. only for inspecti
— ORS is conv. for analysis & research
but does not reveal the true geometry
& needs addn.corrections for regrinding
— NRS gives true geom. & need no correc.
• In ORS & are measured in o but in NRS,
on n (plane perp. to cutting edge only)
• when = 0; ORS and NRS become same
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Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Normal Rake System NRS - contd.
n Z Yo Xo, Xn
o
o (A-A)
Yn
o
o o
B
n o
A
A
B
R C n
R
(a)
(b) 15
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
• In ASA System –
y , x , y , x , e , s , r (inch)
• In ORS System –
, o , o , o', 1 , , r (mm)
• In NRS System –
, n , n , n', 1 , , r (mm)
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