Grammati

cal Signals
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Grammatical signals or
expressions
 are writing devices that serve to maintain text coherence or
unity of ideas. They signal relationship between sentences.
They can be words or phrases that connect ideas of
sentences and paragraphs for coherence. They also indicate
building up new idea or thought or compare ideas or draw
conclusions.
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Grammatical signals or expressions are
used in idea development for each
pattern, namely:
1. general to particular
2. claim and counterclaim
3. problem – solution
4. cause – effect
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What is general–to–particular
pattern?
 It is a method of writing a composition that discusses the broad topic
using specific details that support the topic.
 It is a pattern of developing ideas that begins with a general idea or
statement. This is followed by specific details to support and explain
the general idea. We use grammatical signals or expressions to connect
the general idea or statement and the specific details.

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Here are some of the grammatical signals that
are used to express ideas from general to
particular:

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A. I can play quite a few musical
instruments.

B. I can play quite a few musical

instruments, such as the flute, the guitar,
and the piano. flip
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Clouds can be classified into three major groups. High
clouds are a group of clouds that are 5-13 km. away from the
Earth’s surface. Examples of these clouds are known as
Cirrus, Cirrostratus, and Cirrocumulus. Middle clouds are
another group of clouds that are 2-7 km. away from the
Earth’s surface. Examples of middle clouds are Altocumulus
and Altostratus. Low clouds are the last group of clouds.
They are 2 km. away from the Earth’s surface. Specifically,
these clouds are the Stratus, Stratocumulus, and
Nimbostratus. With these being said, these flip clouds are
1
grouped
2 3
according
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to their
7 8
distance
9 10
from
11
the 13Earth’s
12 14 15
surface.
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 front Read the sentences carefully and write the
Directions:
grammatical signal used in each item on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. My father loves eating salty foods. For example, last week he made
some home-made salted eggs.
2. Joyce has studied many Asian languages, for instance Korean,
Chinese, Mandarin, and Thai.
3. Matthew invited some of his friends to join the outing, namely,
John and Christian.
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4.The city government officials are responsible for most local services, such as local
planning, social services and local roads.
5. He pretended not to know her, in fact they were classmates in elementary.
6. When you cook soup with leafy vegetables such as moringga, spinach and Chinese
cabbage, don’t forget to remove the stalks.
7. People think that the investigation was independent, in fact a lot of political
manipulations went on.
8. The nurses identified the postcode areas of the locally stranded individuals and
categorized them into three groups, namely, urban, rural, or mixed.

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9. There have been many leaders in history who have tried to rule the
entire world, for instance, Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great.

10. Shakespeare influenced novelists such as Thomas Hardy, William

Faulkner, and Charles Dickens.

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Question 11

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Answer 1

Elephants may be able to detect a thunderstorm from hundreds of miles away, and will head
towards it, looking for water.

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