The Impulse

Momentum Equation
The force F is a vector which can
In the Impulse momentum equation is
be expressed as
Z
F = ρQΔV
F = iFx + jFy + kFz Y
F = ∑ All externally acting Forces V = iVx + jVy + kVz
∑Fx = ρQΔVx
Which includes X
∑Fy = ρQΔVy
i. Pressure force FZ
ii. gravity force and ∑Fz = ρQΔVz FY
iii. shear force
𝐹= 𝐹2 + 𝐹2 + 𝐹2
𝑥
iv. Any other similar important force 𝑦 FX
 The Impulse Momentum Equation Vs.

Bernoulli’s Equation
Both Euler’s Equation and hence the Bernoulli’s equation and the impulse
momentum equation are based on the same law of mechanics:
F = ma
 How are the applications of these two equations different?

𝒑𝟏
+ z1 +
𝟐
𝑽𝟏 = 𝒑𝟐
+ z2 + 𝑽 𝟐𝟐 + 𝒉𝒇
𝜸 𝟐𝒈 𝜸 𝟐𝒈

In case of internal energy loss due to turbulence or flow separation,

the B.E. cannot be applied by ignoring hf. However, the momentum
equation can be applied.
 The Impulse Momentum Equation Vs.
Y Bernoulli’s Equation R
τ
P
P
X P
τ P

R Ry
P W

W
Resolution of
Resultant Force R
R = PC/S + PCircumferential + W + FShear Rx