TOPIC 1: BASIC

1.1a.
ALGEBRA
Algebra fraction, addition or subtraction.
1.1b. Algebraic expression expansion and factorization
1.2 Formulae, subject of a formula and changing subject of formula
1.3 Evaluation algebraic expressions
1.1a. Algebra Fraction, Addition or Subtraction

a. Adding fractions with equal denominators

• To add or subtract two like fractions, simply add or subtract the numerators and put the result over
the common denominator

Example 1.1a)
Adding fractions which unequal denominators

◦ To add or subtract fractions which don’t have equal denominators, MUST BE COVERTED to equivalent
fractions that do have a common denominators.

1. Find the least common multiple of denominators. When applied to fractions , this number called the least common
denominators (LCD) of the fractions.
2. Convert each fraction to an equivalent fraction that has the LCD as its denominator. To do this multiply the
numerator and denominator each fractions.
3. Add the numerator and place over the common denominator.
4. Simplify the result to the lowest form

EXAMPLE 1.1b) Subtracting fractions with unequal denominators

Simplify

= = =
EXAMPLE 1.1c) Adding fractions with unequal denominators
Simplify

=
Example 1.1d Example 1.1e

Simplify Simplify
 1.1b. Algebraic Expression, Expansions and Factorization

Variable – a letter that represent a variety of different numbers

Constant – Fixed number
Coefficient – a numerical or constant quantity placed before and multiplying the variable in an algebraic expression
 RULE 1

Example 1.1f Example 1.1g Example 1.1h

Expand Expand ( Expand
Solution Solution Solution

=
=
=
RULE 2

Example 1.1i Example 1.1j

Expand Expand
Solution Solution
 RULE 3
NOTE

Example 1.1k Example 1.1l

Expand Expand
Solution Solution
Factorization of algebraic expression

◦ Factorization is the reverse process of expansion

PLEASE TAKE NOTE THE EXAMPLE DOWN BELOW..

Expand Factor
= =
= =
= =
 Example 1.1m Example 1.1n
Factor Factor
Solution Solution
◦ Factor c)
a)
Lets Try
Multiply this: ◦ Factor these expressions:
 1.2 Formulae, subject of a formula and changing subject of formula

◦ An equation represent such a relationship will use two or more letters known as formula

Example 1.2a
The formula C= 2 gives the circumference C of a circle with radius r. Solve for r.

solution

C= 2 thus, r =
Example 1.2b Example 1.2c
If V =,𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑉 𝑡𝑜 3 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑏 =1.46, 𝐷 The area of a triangle with a base of length b and a
=0.864, 𝑑 =0.517 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜋=3.142 height of length h is given by the formula A=bh. Find
the area when b is 8 and h is 6.4m
 Changing the subject of formula

Example 1.2d Example 1.2f

Transpose the formula V to make R the subject Transpose the formula to make the subject

V
6V

-
-
since R is a resistance and is a positive,
Let’s try
Solve each formula for
1.3 Evaluating Algebraic Expressions
Substitute a number for each variable in the expression

Example 1.3a
Evaluate each expression for the given value

ii)
When g(x)= When f(s)=

Find the value of Find the value of f

 Let’s Try
1. 2.
Prepared by : Nur Fadhlina 21/1