PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 1-
CHAPTER 3

MS. REAN COMPRACION AND MR. LEO VELASCO

CHAPTER 3

WHAT IS
METHODOLOGY?
1. METHODOLOGY
• Research methodology is the specific
procedures or techniques used to
identify, select, process, and analyze
information about a topic. In a research
paper, the methodology section allows
the reader to critically evaluate a
study's overall validity and reliability.
2. RESEARCH DESIGN

• The research design refers to the overall

strategy that you choose to integrate the
different components of the study in a coherent
and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will
effectively address the research problem; it
constitutes the blueprint for the collection,
measurement, and analysis of data.
EXAMPLE OF RESEARCH
DESIGN
• CORRELATIONAL DESIGN
• DESCRIPTIVE DESIGN
• ANALYTICAL DESIGN
• EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
3. POPULATION AND SAMPLE
OF THE STUDY
• A population is the entire group that you
want to draw conclusions about. A sample is
the specific group that you will collect data
from. The size of the sample is always less
than the total size of the population.
EXAMPLE:
SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE
• It is a selection of “n” elements derived from “N” population,
which is the subject of an investigation or experiment. Where
each point of the sample has an equal chance of being selected
using the appropriate sampling technique.
TYPES OF RANDOM
SAMPLING
LOTTERY SAMPLING
• When members of the population
have their names represented by small
piece of paper that are randomly
mixed together and picked out.
SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING

• The members of the Population are listed, and samples

are selected at intervals called sample intervals.

HE-25 sample size-100

ABM-25
GAS 25
ICT-25
STRATEFIED SAMPLING
• The members of the population are grouped based
on their homogeneity.
CITY OF LAGUNA POPULATION (N)

A. SAN PABLO 12, 000

B. STA. ROSA 10,000

C. BINAN 4,000

D. SAN PEDRO 2,000

• SOLUTION:

To determine the number of students to be taken as sample from

each city. We divide the number of students per city by total
population (N=28,000) multiply the result by the sample size
(n=400)

Formula:

P
N (n) =
CLUSTER SAMPLING

• First sampling is performed at high level

before going down to lower levels.

Province Municipality Barangay

MULTI-STAGE SAMPLING

• A combination of two different

Sampling
4. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

• A Research Instrument is a tool

used to collect, measure, and
analyze data related to your
research interests.
EXAMPLE:

• SELF-MADE QUESTIONNAIRE
CHECKLIST

• INTERVIEW
5. DATA GATHERING
• Data Collection. Data collection is the
process of gathering and measuring
information on variables of interest,
in an established systematic fashion
that enables one to answer stated
research questions, test hypotheses,
and evaluate outcomes.
6. STATISTICAL TREATMENT
OF DATA