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Logic Gates
Logic Gates
' '
0 1 and 1 0
' '
A 1 if A 0 and A 0 if A 1
0 is low voltage
1 is high voltage
F is 1 if and only if
A and B are both 1
F is 1 if and only if
A or B (or both) are 1
COMBINATIONAL GATES
Name Symbol Function Truth Table
A B X
A X=A•B 0 0 0
AND X or 0
1
1
0
0
0
B X = AB 1 1 1
A B X
A 0 0 0
OR X X=A+B 0 1 1
1 0 1
B 1 1 1
A X
I A X X = A’
0
1
1
0
A X
0 0
Buffer A X X=A 1 1
A B X
A 0 0 1
NAND X X = (AB)’
0
1
1
0
1
1
B 1 1 0
A B X
A 0 0 1
NOR X X = (A + B)’ 0
1
1
0
0
0
B 1 1 0
A B X
A X=AB
XOR X or
0
0
0
1
0
1
Exclusive OR 1 0 1
B X = A’B + AB’
1 1 0
A B X
A X = (A B)’
XNOR X or
0
0
0
1
1
0
Exclusive NOR
B X = A’B’+ AB 1 0 0
or Equivalence 1 1 1
Basic Theorems
7
Truth Tables
Truth table a tabular listing of the values of a
function for all possible combinations of
values on its arguments
Example: Truth tables for the basic logic
operations:
AND OR NOT
X YZ = X·Y X Y Z = X+Y X ZX
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
1 0 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
Chapter 2 - Part 1 8
Examples
Show the truth table for
'
F X YZ
Show the followings by constructing
truth tables
X (Y Z ) XY XZ
X YZ ( X Y )( X Z )
9
Example
Draw the network diagram for
'
F X YZ
10
Example
Draw the network diagram for
' ' ' '
F XYZ XY Z X Y
11
Operator Precedence
Parenthesis
NOT
AND
OR
12
Study Problems
1. Draw a network to realize the following by using
only one AND gate and one OR gate
Y ABCD ABCE ABCF
2. Draw a network to realize the following by using
two OR gates and two AND gates
F (V W X )(V X Y )(V Z )
3. Prove the following equations using truth table