Aurora Borealis or Australis occurs

as a consequence of the presence of

its magnetic field.
MAGNETIC
FIELDS
LODESTONE
 MAGNETISM
oLodestones (can attract iron objects) are
naturally occurring permanent magnets
that were used by early mariners as
crude compasses.
oMagnesia a region where lodestones were
found.
MAGNESIA (GREECE)
 MAGNETISM
oMagnetism is
the force exerted by magnets when
they attract or repel each
other. Magnetism is caused by the
motion of electric charges.
 MAGNETIC FIELD
oThe Magnetic Field is the area
around a magnet that
has magnetic force.
 NORTH AND SOUTH POLES

o All magnets have north and south

poles. Opposite poles
are attracted to each other, while
the same poles repel each other.
 Can you see a Magnetic Field?
o Humans can't see
magnetic fields, but they
can sometimes be made
visible.
 01
Earth’s Magnetic Field
 What is Earth’s
Magnetic Field?
• Earth's magnetic field — also known as
the geomagnetic field — is generated in
our planet's interior and extends out into
space, creating a region known as the
magnetosphere.
 What’s the use of Earth’s
Magnetic Field?
● Planet Earth is a natural magnet and
magnetic field serves as its “shield”.
● Magnetic Field protects our planet
from cosmic radiation and from the
charged particles emitted by our
Sun.
 EQUATION #1
Strength of Magnetic
Field
B =
Where:
• F is the force in Newtons (N)
• p is the pole strength in Ampere-meter
• B is the strength of the magnetic field in
Newton/Ampere-meter or Tesla
 Sample
Problem #1
At a certain point in a magnetic field,
a 2 ampere-meter test pole has a
maximum force of 10 Newtons,
South exerted upon it. What is the
strength and direction of the
magnetic field at this point?
 GIVEN
oPole Strength (p) = 2 A*m
oForce (F) = 10 Newton, S
UNKNOWN
oMagnetic Field Strength (B)
 SOLUTION
B= =
= 5 N/Ampere-meter, South
or 5 Tesla

Note: 1 Tesla = 1 N/A*m

 ANSWER
The strength and direction of
Magnetic Field is 5 N/Ampere-
meter (5 Tesla), South.
 Sample
Problem #2
Determine the strength and
direction of a magnetic field if 20 N
of force, acting North, is exerted
on a pole which as has a strength of
3.85 Ampere-meter.
Activity #1
A test pole has a strength of
1.5x103 Ampere-meter. If a force of
3.5 X 105 N (South) is exerted on it
how much is the strength and at
what direction is the magnetic field
at this point?
 EQUATION #2
Magnetic Force on a
Moving Charge
F = Bqv or BQv
Where:
• F is the force in Newtons (N)
• B is the strength of the magnetic field in
Newton/Ampere-meter or Tesla
• Q is the charge in Coulombs
• v is the velocity in meter/second
 Sample
Problem #3
What is the force on an electron
that moves with a speed of 106
m/s perpendicular to a magnetic
field of 0.5 N/A*m? The charge
of an electron is 1.6 x 10-19 C.
 GIVEN
ov = 106 m/s
oB = 0.5 N/A*m
oQ = 1.6 x 10-19 C
UNKNOWN
o Force on the electron (F)
 SOLUTION
Using the equation: F = Bqv
F = 0.5 N/A*m (106 m/s) (1.6 x 10-19 C)
F = 8 x 10-14 N
Note: 1 Ampere = 1 Coulomb/s or 1 C/s
 ANSWER
The force exerted on an
electron is 8 x 10 N.
-14
Activity #2
An electron with a speed of
1.8 x 106 m/s moves perpendicular
to a magnetic field of 2.67 x 102
N/A*m. If an electron has a
charge of 1.6 x 10-19 C, what will
be the force exerted on it?