BRIDGING THE GAP Decimal-to-

1623 9 Binary
3 66
6 721 3355 273211 5 3
935 Conversion
5233441275397 935
2 7
34
1 3 7 5 23 4
45 1

1
145

01 1 00
1 1
0 0 01
1 01 0 001
0
1 01011 10
100
0
010 1101 001 10
1 0 0 1 1101 11
1
001 00100 10 0
0 1 0
1
0
1 0 00101
011
01 110 0
0
1
110 001 001 111101
Binary-to-Decimal 110 011
01 00 1
Conversion 11 01011 1 01 01 1
0 1 11 00100
0 1
1 0 01 0 1
0 011 1
1001101 0 011 00101
1 1
00
1 0100
 Meestrellado03/16/23
NUMBER SYSTEM

Decimal, Binary, Octal, and Hex

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NUMBER SYSTEM
A number system defines how a
number can be represented using
distinct symbols.

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A number can be represented
differently in different systems.

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CONVERSION AMONG BASES
 The possibilities:

Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal

pp. 40-
46
 DECIMAL, BINARY, OCTAL, AND HEX
 Decimal is the number system that we use
 Binary is a number system that computers use

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 Octalis a number system that represents
groups of binary numbers (binary shorthand).
 Hexadecimal (Hex) is a number system that
represents groups of binary numbers (binary
shorthand). Hex is primarily used in computing
as the most common form of expressing a
human-readable string representation of a
byte (group of 8 bits). 1 byte = 1 char
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DECIMAL
 The number system we are familiar with
 Decimal number has base 10

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 Each digit is a number from 0 to 9

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

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BINARY
 Binary number has base 2
 Each digit is one of two numbers: 0 and 1

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 Each digit is called a bit

 Eight binary bits make a byte

 All 256 possible values of a byte can be represented

using 2 digits in hexadecimal notation.

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OCTAL
 Octal number has base 8
 Each digit is a number from 0 to 7

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 Each digit represents 3 binary bits

 Was used in early computing, but was replaced by

hexadecimal

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HEXADECIMAL
 Hexadecimal number has base 16
 Each digit is a number from 0 to 15: digits 0 to 9,

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and the digits 10 through 15 are represented by A
through F
A = 10
 B = 11
 C = 12
 D = 13
 E = 14
 F = 15
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 Each digit represents 4 binary bits
DECIMAL TO BINARY

Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
DECIMAL ‒TO‒ BINARY CONVERSION
The Process : Successive Division
a) Divide the Decimal Number by 2; the 1st
remainder is theLeast Significant Bit (LSB)
of Binary Number .

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b) If the quotient is zero, the conversion is
complete; else repeat step (a) using the
quotient of the Decimal Number. The new
remainder is the next most significant bit,
and the last remainder is the Most
Significant Bit (MSB) of the Binary Number.
DECIMAL ‒TO‒ BINARY CONVERSION

610  610 = 1102

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3
2 6 r  0  Least Significant Bit
1
2 3 r 1
0
2 1 r  1  Most Significant Bit
DEC → BINARY : EXAMPLE #2

Convert the decimal number 2610

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into its binary equivalent.
SOLUTION : EXAMPLE #2

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2 26 r  0  LSB  2610 = 110102

14
6
2 13 r 1
3
2 6 r 0
1
2 3 r 1
0
2 1 r  1  MSB
DEC → BINARY : EXAMPLE #3

Convert the decimal number 4110 into

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its binary equivalent.
SOLUTION : EXAMPLE #3

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2 41 r  1  LSB  4110 = 1010012

16
10
2 20 r 0

5
2 10 r 0
2
2 5 r 1

1
2 2 r 0

0
2 1 r  1  MSB
meestrellado#7/23/13
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BINARY TO DECIMAL
 WHY BINARY
SYSTEM?
Computers are made of a series of switches
Each switch has two states: ON or OFF
Each state can be represented by a number
– 1 for “ON” and 0 for “OFF”

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BINARY → DEC : EXAMPLE #2
Example:
Convert the binary number 100102 into its decimal equivalent.

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Solution: 100102 = 1810

1 0 0 1 0
ON OFF OFF ON OFF
24 23 22 21 20

16 8 4 2 1

16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 1810
BINARY → DEC : EXAMPLE #2
Example:
Convert the binary number 100102 into its decimal equivalent.

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Solution: 100102 = 1810

1 0 0 1 0
ON OFF OFF ON OFF
24 23 22 21 20

16 8 4 2 1

16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 1810
Converting Base-2 to Base-10
(1 0 0 1 1)2

OFF

OFF
ON/OFF
ON

ON

ON
Exponent: 24 23 22 21 20

Calculation:16 0 0 2 1
+ + + + =

(19)10
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2 =1 ?
0

 Any number to the zero power is one because – any

number to the zero power is just the product of no
number at all, which is the multiplicative identity of 1

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 CONVERT THE FF FROM DECIMAL TO
BINARY
BINARY TO DECIMAL:
SHOW THE PROCESS
a) 1310 = ? f) 10101102

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b) 2210 = ? G) 11101112

c) 4310 = ? H) 10001112

d) 15810 = ?
 meestrellado#7/23/13
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REFERENCES: