DRAMA and its

ELEMENTS
Learning
Targets:
1. Define drama;
2. Identify the elements of drama; and
3. Analyze sample texts from well-known
local and foreign writers considering the
key ideas of drama.
ACTIVITY 1: WARM UP!

Think of your favorite movie,

teleserye or radio drama. Then,
recall the lines from the drama piece
which gained popularity.
 Hello, Love Goodbye (2019)

“Kung mahal mo ako bakit pinapapili mo ako? Ethan, mahal kita, pero sa
ngayon mas mahal ko ang sarili ko. Sana mapatawad mo ako."
- Kathryn Bernardo as Joy
 Starting Over Again (2016)

"Anong karapatan mong hingin ang bagay na ipinagdamot mong ibigay? I

deserved an explanation. I deserved an acceptable reason."
- Piolo Pascual as Marco
Maybe This Time (2014)

"There was never an us.

There will never be an us.
Kaya please, wag mo na
kong landiin.“
-
Sarah Geronimo as Steph
ACTIVITY 2: EXCERPT TIME!

Read an excerpt of “The World

is an Apple” by Alberto S.
Florentino and answer the
questions that follow.
CAPSULE BIOAlfredo S. Florentino
Alberto S. Florentino was born on July
28, 1931 in Manila. He’s a Filipino
playwright who published 75 books
under his imprints from 1959 to 2001.
He wrote the play “The World is an
Apple,” one of the most popular plays
in the Philippines.
 The World is an Apple
Alberto S. Florentino
The World Is an Apple
Characters: an excerpt
Gloria - Mario - Pablo By: Alberto S. Florentino

(An improvised home behind a portion of the Intramuros walls. Two wooden
boxes flank the doorway. At left is an acacia tree with a wooden bench under it.)
(MARIO enters from the street at left. He is in his late twenties, shabbily dressed
and with hair that seems to have been uncut for weeks. He puts his lunch bag on
the bench, sits down, removes his shoes and puts them beside his lunch bag.)
Gloria: (Calls from inside)Mario! Is that you, Mario?
 The World Is an Apple
Mario: Yes...
an excerpt
Gloria: (A small woman about Mario's age,
By: Alberto with long hair, a scrawny body,
S. Florentino

comes out wiping her hands on her dress.)- I'm glad you're home early.
Mario: How is Tita? (Without waiting for an answer, he enters the dwelling).
Gloria: (Crosses to the bench) Don't wake her up, Mario. She's tired.
She cried the whole day. …
ACTIVITY 2.2: TEXT ANALYSIS

Complete the table on the next

slide by answering the checklist.
The given text displays… YES NO
 list and descriptions of characters
 explicit narration of setting
 portrayal of conflict between or
among the characters
 effective development of plot
 use of dialogue
WHAT IS DRAMA?

Drama is both a literary art and a performing art. It

is a form of art that depicts life's experiences
through the re-enactment of events that take place
in the real world or happen in the mind of the
writer
Two Major Types of Drama
1. Tragedy - presents a serious subject matter
about human suffering and corresponding
terrible events in a dignified manner.

2. Comedy - is a dramatic work that is amusing

and satirical in its tone, mostly having a
cheerful ending.
Literary Elements of Drama
• Script - the written words and directions of a play
• Plot - the storyline or arrangement of action
• Character - a person portrayed in a drama
• Setting - where the action takes place
• Dialogue - a spoken conversation between two characters
• Conflict - the internal or external struggle between
opposing forces, ideas, or interests that create dramatic
tension.
Technical Elements of Drama
• Scenery - theatrical equipment such as curtains,
backdrops, and platforms to communicate the
environment.(e.g. trees to show a forest environment)
• Costumes - clothing and accessories worn by actors to
portray character and period.
• Props: any article other than costumes or scenery used
as part of a dramatic production (e.g. a table on the
stage)
Technical Elements of Drama

• Sound/Music - the effect an audience hears during a

show (e.g. the sound of rain)
• Lights - the placement, intensity, and color of lights
to help communicate environment, mood, or feeling
• Make-up - the use of wigs and body paint to
transform an actor into a character
Performance Elements of Drama
• Acting - how speaking and moving help to
create characters
• Speaking - vocal expression, projection,
speaking style and diction
• Non-verbal Expression - includes gestures,
facial expressions, and movement
 ACTIVITY 3: READING!

Read “The World is an

Apple” by Alberto S.
Florentino and answer the
questions that follow.
1. Why do you think the play is titled “The World is an
Apple”?
2. Why do you think the writer used apple instead of any
other fruit for the play?
3. What does the ending imply about Mario’s decision?
4. Is the play an example of tragedy or comedy?
5. If you were Mario, would you also turn your back to
your family and go back to what you used to do?
 Things to remember:
• Drama is a literary art and performing
art.

• The key element in drama which

differentiates it from other types of
fiction is dialogue.
 ACTIVITY 4: TEXT ANALYSIS
Complete the table below by answering given questions.
Choose 1-3 lines from the characters’ How can you relate your life
dialogue which appeal to you the experiences with the lines which you
most. have chosen from the text? (1-3
sentences only)
 ACTIVITY 5: QUIZ TIME!
Identify the term defined in each statement.

1. It is a literary art meant to be staged.

2. It means ―conversation.
3. These are the things/articles which the actors and
actresses used when performing on stage.
4. It is used either to make the actors and actresses’ face
beautiful or ugly based on their role.
5. It is the effect an audience hears during a show
6. It refers to the internal or external struggle between
opposing forces
7. This refers to theatrical equipment such as curtains,
backdrops, and platforms to communicate the
environment.
8. A type of drama which presents a serious subject
matter about human suffering
9. A type of drama which intends to entertain with the
use of satirical parodies
10. It is the written words and directions of a play
 Answer the following questions:

1-3. Who are the 3 main characters in the play/drama?

4. What is the setting? or Where is the story set?
5. In the opening scene of the play, why is Gloria asking for
some money from Mario?
6. What was Mario’s 1st reason/alibi on why he doesn’t have
money?
7. What was Mario’s 2nd reason/alibi on why he doesn’t have
money?
8. Finally, Mario admitted why he doesn’t have money. What was
the reason?
9. Why did Mario lose his job?
10. What did Mario steal?
11. When Mario took Tita to the market, she asked Mario to buy
her a red delicious apple. What did Mario buy her instead?
12. Why did Tita throw the apple that Mario bought when they
were at the market?
13. Mario told Gloria that he found a new job, what was the new
job?
14. Why did Gloria decline Pablo’s help?
15 Why do you think Mario decided to go with Pablo?
 HOMEWORK

Watch The World Is An Apple by Teatro Bellissimo

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBrBHxBw0h8)
to see how the play uses the components of drama.
References:
• https://www.famousbirthdays.com/people/jesus-peralta.html
• https://www.pep.ph/guide/movies/168913/famous-hugot-lines-from-
filipino-movies-a5132-20221009
• https://slideplayer.com/slide/6443524/