PRE-INTERMEDIATE

ENGLISH
CONDITIONAL CLAUSE
Presented by Yugi Diraga Prawiyata, S.Pd., M.Hum.
Conditional Clause Type 1
• The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then
the future simple in the other clause:
if + present simple, + future simple
future simple + if + present simple
It's used to talk about things which might happen in the
future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the
future, but this describes possible things, which could easily
come true.
For example:
• If it rains, I won't go to the park.
• If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
• If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
• She'll be late if the train is delayed.
• She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
• If I see her, I'll tell her.
 • The second conditional uses the past simple after
if, then past future:
if + past simple, + past future
past future + if + past simple
We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and
'he/she/it'. This is mostly done in formal writing. It
has two uses.
First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are
probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some
dream. For example:
• If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
(Fact: I don’t win, so I won’t buy any house)
• If I met BLANKPINK, I would say hello.
(Fact: I don’t meet them, so I won’t say anything)
• She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
(Fact: She won’t travel nowhere because she aren’t rich)
• She would pass the exam if she ever studied.
(Fact: She will fail because she never studies)
 • Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present
which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have a
look at the examples:
• If I had his number, I would call him.
(Fact: I don't have his number, so I won’t call him).
• If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.
(Fact: I am not you. So won’t go with that man).
• I would go to the beach if I had a day off from work.
(Fact: I won’t go to the beach because I must work now).
First vs. Second Conditional:
The first conditional describes things that we think are likely to
happen in the future, whereas the second conditional talks about
things that we think it will not really happen. It's subjective; it
depends on its point of view.
For example:
• If she studies harder, she'll pass the exam. (first conditional)
• (I think it's possible she will study harder and so she'll pass)
• If she studied harder, she would pass the exam. (second
conditional)
• (I think that she don't study harder, or it's very unlikely, and so
she won't pass)
The Third Conditional
We make the third conditional by using the past
perfect after 'if' and then the past future perfect in
the second part of the sentence:
if + past perfect, + past future perfect
past future perfect + if + past perfect
It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't
happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
Have a look at the examples:
• If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.
(Fact: We know she didn't study, so she wouldn’t pass)
• If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick.
(Fact: I did eat a lot, so I would feel sick).
• If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane.
(Fact: we took a motorcycle, so we wouldn’t miss the plane)
• She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier.
(Fact: She would be tired because she didn’t go to bed earlier).
• If Jack had worked harder, he would have earned more money.
(Fact: Unfortunately, he didn’t work harder (was lazy) and he didn't
earn much).
EXERCISE 1: Put the verbs in the brackets into
Correct to Conditional forms!
1. If Maya studies hard, she ………. (pass) her exam.
2. If he arrives on time, the teacher …..….. (not get) angry with
him.
3. If I ……… (find) the key. I will give it to you.
4. They would be disappointed if we …….... (not come).
5. If I knew English better, I …….... (continue) my study abroad.
6. If he attended class regularly, he ………. (make) good
progress.
7. If Andy .……... (prepare) his homework every night, he would
get better grades.
8. People …….... (respect) her more if she paid her debts.
9. If he drove more carefully, he …….... (have) an accident.
10. If the weather …….... (be) nice today, we would go to the
zoo.
11. They would probably get better salaries if they ……..… (work)
harder.
12. If the horse ………. (learn) how to jump the fence well, it would not
break its legs.
13. We could be there on time if we ……….. (leave) right away.
14. If I ………. (be) in your position, I would think twice before telling
that.
15. If you were a flower, I ………. (be) a bee.
16. If he had learnt the truth, he ………. (be) very angry.
17. You ………. not …….... (catch) a cold if you had worn your overcoat.
18. If you had asked me, I …….... (help) you.
19. If I ………. (have) the time last holiday, I would have joined the tour.
20. I wouldn’t have got wet if I ……… (wear) a raincoat.
EXERCISE 2
Each of the following sentences contains conditional clause.
Circle the connector (if) and underline the two clauses. Then
indicate if the sentences correct (C) or incorrect (I).
1. If you set your mind to a goal, you will eventually achieve it.
(C) 1
2. If I owned a zoo, I will let people interact with the animals
more. (I)
3. If you remembered to invite me, I would have attended your
party.
4. If you had told me you needed a ride, I would have left
earlier.
5. She hadn’t taken the course, she wouldn’t have gotten the
scholarship.
6. If I had locked the car, the thief wouldn’t have stole my car.
7. I would played roller coaster every day if I own a theme park.
8. If I lived in Seoul, tonight I would go to that concert.
9. I inherited  a billion dollars, I would travel to the moon.
10. If you have questions, write down in the comment section
below
11) If Fahri had  more careful, he would not has had an
accident.
12) Emma would have been angry If Olivia had not met
her.
13) If you freeze water, it became ice.
14) If you wash your hands, you won’t get sick.
15) If she hadn’t tried, she wouldn’t have gotten the scholarship. 
16) If you call her later, she will probably answer you.
17) If I had typed faster, I would finished my job now.
18) I will cancel my plans tomorrow if you come to my
home.
19) I will pay my debt to you if I get my salary today.
20) I will sell my shares in that company if the price went
up really high.
21) If you promise not to tell anyone, I will tell you about
that secret.