CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION AS AN

ALTERNATIVE TO GAS FLARING

PRESENTED BY
OKWUONU GODSPEED EZENWA
20151011645
GLY 531
SEMINAR ONE PRESENTATION

SUPERVISED BY
DR. S.I IBENEME
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY
FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY OWERRI.

MARCH 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS)
2. CCS processes
3. Gas flaring
4. Importance of CCS
5. Where captured carbon dioxide (CO2) can be stored
6. Carbon dioxide sequestration as an alternative to gas
flaring.

FIGURES
 Fig1. Showing the injection of liquified CO2 into the earth.
 Fig 2. Showing the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere.
 Fig3. Showing gas flaring.
 Fig4. Showing CO2 storage locations within the Earth.
CARBON CAPTURE AND SEQUESTRATION
(CCS)
Carbon sequestration is the process involved in
carbon capture and the long-term storage of
atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2).

 Carbon sequestration describes long-term storage

of carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon to
either mitigate or defer global warming and avoid
dangerous climate change. It has been proposed as
a way to slow the atmospheric and marine
accumulation of greenhouse gases, which are
released by burning fossil fuels.
Figure1. Showing the injection of liquified CO2 into the earth.
https://pin.it/BVpyi6m
 Figure 2. Showing the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere.
https://safeguardenvironment.com/environment-pollution/?hcb=1
 CCS is a three-step process that includes:
 Capture of CO2 from power plants or industrial
processes.
 Transport of the captured and compressed CO2 (usually
in pipelines).
 Underground injection and geologic sequestration (also
referred to as storage) of the CO2 into deep underground
rock formations.

These formations are often a mile or more beneath the

surface and consist of porous rock that holds the CO2.
Overlying these formations are impermeable, non-porous
layers of rock that trap the CO2 and prevent it from
migrating upward.
 GAS FLARING
Gas flaring refers to the combustion of associated gas
generated during various processes including oil and gas
recovery, CBM production, petrochemical process and
landfill gas extraction

Gas flaring is a major environmental concern facing the

world today as it generates a significant amount of
greenhouse gases which contribute to the overall burden
of global warming.

we will consider how gas flaring is done and alternatives

like flare gas recovery systems which can be applied to
minimize or eliminate this practice.
 Figure3. Showing gas flaring.
https://d1jbg4la8qhw2x.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/gas-
flares.jpg
 Why is CCS important?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and sequestration (CCS) could play
an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, while
enabling low-carbon electricity generation from power plants.

CCS technologies are currently available and can dramatically

reduce (by 80-90%) CO2 emissions from power plants that burn
fossil fuels. Applied to a 500 MW coal-fired power plant, which
emits roughly 3 million tons of CO2 per year, the amount of GHG
emissions avoided (with a 90% reduction efficiency) would be
equivalent to:
1. Planting more than 62 million trees, and waiting at least 10 years
for them to grow.
2. Avoiding annual electricity-related emissions from more than
300,000 homes.
3. CCS could also viably be used to reduce emissions from
industrial process such as cement production and natural gas
 Where can captured carbon dioxide (CO2) be stored?
After capture, carbon dioxide (CO2) is compressed and then
transported to a site where it is injected underground for
permanent storage (also known as "sequestration").
CO2 is commonly transported by pipeline, but it can also be
transported by train, truck, or ship.
Geologic formations suitable for sequestration include
 Depleted oil and gas fields,
 Deep coal seams, and
 Saline formations.

The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that anywhere from

1,800 to 20,000 billion metric tons of CO2 could be stored
underground in the United States. That is equivalent to 600 to
6,700 years of current level emissions from large stationary
sources in the United States.
 Figure4. Showing CO2 storage locations within the Earth.
https://pixfeeds.com/images/32/607831/1280-149475272-explanation-
of-carbon-sequestration.png
CONCLUSION
Carbon dioxide sequestration as an alternative to
gas flaring.

The process of gas flaring contributes amply to the

emission of carbon dioxide and some other green
house gasses. The technology of Carbon Capture and
Sequestration (CCS) can help mitigate the damages
caused by an excess emission of green house gasses,
and furthermore reduce the amount of Carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere: therefore buying us more
time to develop new, renewable and ecofriendly
technologies.
Thank you
for
listening.