Reviewers Trends,

Networks
Modules 1-7 and Critical
Thinking
 MO
DU
Definition of a Trend LE
Elements and S
Characteristics of a Trend
The Ice Bucket Challenge:
Trend or Fad
Relationship within a
Local Network
 MO
Strategic Analysis and DU
Intuitive Thinking LE
S
Critical Thinking:
“How do I think of my Thinking?”

Barriers to Cultivating
Critical Thinking
 Definition of a Trend
Why Do We Believe What We Believe?
“We understand the way we have
been made to understand, and we
embrace that understanding”
-John Quincy Adams
What is Trend?
“Trend is a recurrent phenomenon that takes place
over time and gives rise to speculation on the
future"(Sanders, Soper and Rothwell 2002).

TREND ANALYSIS
- “an examination of these phenomena and speculation on
the likely impact they will have in the future.

Trend analysis grants societies “future vision’ allowing

populations to be proactive in response to future
events.
Fad Definition
 Fad is very popular for a short time and a
product that has little (sales and popularity).
Fads
 are normally micro trends that exist under the
umbrella of an actual trend. (Naisbitt2006)
 Trends are often classified as short- term—
one to three years, mid-term—three to ten
years, or long-term—ten to 50 years (Cornish
2004).
Agents in trend (‘Future Savvy’ - Adam Gordon)

The forces that drive a trend forward are called trend

drivers
trend driver paves the way for a trend, any trend also has an
ENABLER, which is a factor that enables, promotes and facilitates
the trend.

Friction is the primary resistance to change, such as habits,

history, selection of an easier solution, etc.

BLOCKERS that can prevent a trend from turning into anything,

such as new laws, acquisitions, protests, etc.
Five Types of Trend (MMM GiN)
1. Microtrend-These are the little things that happen all around us.
2. Macro trend- These are the trends that can endure for surprisingly a
long time. It's also the trends that affect the society.
3. Megatrend- These are the trends that can stay healthy for decades or
lasts for 10 years.
4. Gigatrend- It is a megatrend that goes on for half a century or more.
These are the trends that are so general, they affect most areas of
human life.
5.Nanotrend- These are the trends that are yet to be expected. It can be
an alternative trends that exists in trends.
 D U L E 2 : E L E M E NTS A N D
M O
A C T E R I ST I CS O F T R E N D
CH A R
Characteristics of trend
1.Duration of time - The lifespan of products or
ideas that become trends do not disappear
quickly. Trends have long staying power and
enjoy a long period of popularity.
2. Acceptability - Trends are popularly accepted
by many industries and people
3. Cultural Basis - A trend is rooted on the people's
cultural traditions, beliefs, and values. A trend
persists and continues because people have seen it
as part of a society's culture.
4. Transitory increase or decrease - A trend shows a
transitory increase or decrease of a particular idea,
event or phenomenon.
What  Are The 4'S Model?
1.Set up -It is a part of the 4s model that questions what, when,
where of the trend. It is the process of finding up the whole
trend.
2.Scanning
 Wide scanning -Observation of numerous field, areas and quick
documentation of all the things that might generate partial
answers. (general)
 Deep scanning -Ethnographic understanding of some specific
trending area and thoroughly documenting it.(specific)
3.Scenario -This is the part where you
make your idea tangible, tests your
idea and revisions if necessary.
4.Scrutinize -It's the 4s model part
where you examine your product or
idea.
 5 EMERGING
TREN D S I N 2 1 ST -
CENTURY
EDUCATION
1) App Innovation and Gamification
           Students were given/offers an opportunity to create
their own apps as a “challenge”
 “Mathalicious” and “Get the Math,”
which provide practical, true-to-life
experiences.
2) Digital Literacy 
 student tasks creating classroom presentations, collaborative
work, such as video clip creations or posting online “mind-
maps” using digital tools.
3) Library Media Specialists   
 They not only must establish technology policies
 responsible for budget oversight,
 also plan the physical and virtual library space, and create a
welcoming, positive and innovative atmosphere.
4) Self-Directed Professional Development
self-directed online modules to provide
educators opportunities to complete
interactive learning components to remain
abreast of the latest developments in
education.
5) Collaborative Learning 
          New applications are making it easier for classroom teachers to be both innovative
and interactive, and this trend is expected to grow exponentially in the coming years.
BOON (Positive use of Tech) - can help students to make lessons fun,
interesting, and more effective. Using technology reduces the work load
and helps students to understand subject better.
BANE (Negative use of Tech) - Technology becomes a bane when
the student, who surfs the internet, look for unsavoury subjects. The
abuse and misuse of the internet will have far reaching unfavourable
effects on life.
 MO
The Ice Bucket Challenge: DU
Trend or Fad LE
What does ALS mean? –
 ALS stands for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
S
 a disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord.
 A-myo-trophic is from the Greek language that means "no muscle
nourishment" — "A" means no or negative, "myo" means muscle, and
"trophic" means nourishment.
 "Lateral" refers to the areas in the spinal cord where portions of the nerve
cells that signal and control the muscles are located. As the lateral
degenerates, it leads to scarring or hardening (or sclerosis) in the affected
part.
Module 4: Relationship
within a local network
Think about this phrase:
 “No man is an
island”

“No one is left

behind”
 How do connections,
relationships, and networks
work?
What is a network?
           A network is a group of
people whom we interact with
daily. Our relationships are
networked. If you look at nature,
networks are everywhere. The
cellular network in the human
brain, for instance, is an amazing
network that makes human life
possible.
network
what are networks?
 Networks are a ‘set of nodes and set of ties’
(Brass, 1994: 42)
Nodes
 The things that are connected are usually
Ties
 The connections between hubs are called “associations”.
 They are relations that bind the tie or even in a
suffering situations.
Networks are analyzed in terms of density, hierarchy,
complexity, interdependence and embeddedness
(Kilduff and Tsal, 2003, pp.3off).
1. Density - The
density of a network is
based on the number
of connections
between and among
the actors.
2. Hierarchy - Actors in
the network can pull
their investments in
social relations by
establishing relations
with a diverse set of
groups.
3. Complexity- Complexity
is the extent to which a
link between actors serves
a multiplicity of interests in
the community. The more
complex relations are
considered to have higher
tie strength.
4. Interdependence- The ties in the network can be
useful in facilitating change and reform.
Interdependence facilitates cooperation and creates
social capital necessary for the progress of the
community. Social capital is the accumulated
benefits as a result of the maintenance of a positive
relationship between different groups and
associations in the community.
5. Embeddedness-
The networks of
relations within each
person are rooted
include family, friends,
and acquaintances.
What is Relationship
Networking?
 Relationship networking is
simply the art of meeting
people and benefiting from
those relationships.
  The Internet is an excellent
vehicle for networking.
Relationships can develop in
newsgroups, forums, and via
email.
Here are the top reasons why building connections is so
important:
1. New connections can lead to new business
If you are a CEO who also acts as a rainmaker to your firm,
or wants to impact the bottom line, making new
connections can mean new prospects and ultimately new
clients.
Many individuals want to do business with the CEO,
president or owner of the company because it brings a
sense of being an “insider” or “VIP” to being a customer
of your firm.
2. New connections can result in new referrals
3. New connections open doors for you
4. New connections may advise you on best practices
 They also might give you tips for running your company
more effectively, managing your employees, or making
financial decisions. These are especially true if they are
peer CEOs or advisors to CEOs.
5. New connections may become strategic partners,
investors, and acquisition or merger candidates.
6. New connections introduce you to new vendors, key
advisors and business specialists to help your company.
Have you wondered whether you have outgrown (grow
faster) your bank relationship? Considering whether
outsourcing your HR may make sense for your company?
 Trusted connections can not only share there experience
about what you have yet to do, but also introduce you to
new connections to help you evaluate and execute.
7. New connections can lead to lasting friendships and
business alliances
What’s the value of a trusted friend? Trusted adviser?
Tips to Build Network Relationships:
1. Focus on the right people.
The secret to networking isn't to
attend a networking event and pass
out as many business cards as you
can. It's not meeting as many people
as possible in hopes something will
work out.
Instead, you need to concentrate on
the people who you know will be able
to make a difference in your career.
2. Create win/win situations.
It's very important that both
you and the other party gain
equally when networking. If
you benefit more than the
other person, he or she will
feel cheated and used.
When that happens, you
won't be able to go back and
build a long-term relationship.
3. Invest before you receive.
In a networking situation,
people expect you to ask
them for help. If you turn
that around and just offer
some support, your
networking partner will be
grateful and want to return
the favor.
4. Become a connector
(not troublemaker)
You don't always have to gain
something in a networking
relationship. If you can introduce
people who can benefit from one
another, it's just as effective. You
can build a stronger rapport with
multiple people and it makes you
very good.
5. Remember to reconnect.
We've all had people who
will contact us out of the
blue after years of never
touching base. When that
happens, you typically don't
want to go out of your way
for them because they
haven't put any effort into
sustaining the relationship.
6. Use social networks.
LinkedIn, Facebook and
Twitter are tools that
you can use to connect
in a personal way to
different people in
your industry.
7. Start your own networking group.
One of the best ways to meet like-minded people is
to establish your own networking group. You can
use Meetup.com and EventBrite.com to create a
series of events under a certain topic such as
marketing, finance or accounting. By being the
leader of the group, you will immediately become
more connected and sought-out. People will want
to meet you because you're the creator.
Strategic Analysis and Intuitive Thinking MO
Six key Elements of Critical Thinking are abilities to: DU
DILA Ca nga bleeh ^*
LE

)
D - decide - requires courage and conviction
I - interpret – comparing and contrast of hypotheses data before you decide in an
issue. S
L - Learn – accept feedback and constructive critism
A - anticipate – are not focusing on situation but also considering what will
happen in the future.

C - challenge – raising questions than accept info (Socratic Method:

Convergent – only one answer, Divergent – many answers, opinionated)
A - align – both parties will execute viewpoints, opinion & agenda for
mutual interest.
Intuitive Thinking
 One`s first instinct
and quick decisions
based on
automatic
cognitive response.

Example: Dumaan ka Para kanino ka bumabangon…?

Ang tanong siya rin kaya bumabangon para
sa favorite Coffee sayu?

shop (Starbucks).
Strategic analysis (Urgel, E. 2017)
 process of examining the
organization’s surroundings and
resources to better formulate a
strategy to meet the desired
objectives and improved the
organization’s performance.
Module 6: Critical Thinking
– “How Do I think of My
Thinking?”
What is Critical Thinking?
intellectually disciplined process of actively
and skillfully conceptualizing, applying,
analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating
information gathered from, or generated by,
observation, experience, reflection,
reasoning, or communication, as a guide to
belief and action.
Universal Intellectual Standards –
 used to determine the quality of reasoning.
Good critical thinking requires having a
command of these standards.
 According to Paul and Elder (1997 ,2006),
standards of reasoning become the guide to
better and better reasoning. The intellectual
standards include:
 MAJOR COMPONENTS IN CRITICAL THINKING
1.Perception
 is considered to be the manner
in which individuals receive,
interpret and translate
experiences.
 How individuals perceive things
works to define how they think.
 Perception tends to provide
individuals a significant filtering
system.
2. Assumptions –
 are central to critical thinking.
 They tend to make individuals comfortable with their present
beliefs, shutting out any alternatives.
3. Emotion
 are the number one cause of creating and putting into
place thinking and operating barriers, which are
continually used as a defense mechanism. (Denial,
projection (misattribute), displacement (galit sa iba-
tahimik nalng-less problematic).
 Critical thinkers do not ignore emotions but learn to
accept and manage them.
4. Language
 three primary purposes: to inform,
persuade and explain.
 figures of speech give great color and
depth to one’s language. Metaphors
can be short phrases, stories, or even
poetic renditions and is a verbal
message that listeners can easily
interpret and visualize.
5. Argument –
 three basic elements: an issue, one or more reasons
or premises, and one or more conclusions.
 An argument can be either valid or invalid based on
its structure and only premises & conclusions are
reached, which are either true or false.
The goal of critical thinking is to implement a sound
argument, which has both a valid or proper
structure and contains true premises/reasons.
6. Fallacy
 Reasoning that doesn’t meet the criteria for being
a sound argument is considered erroneous, or
fallacious. (politician`s platformas)
 A fallacy comes from incorrect patterns of
reasoning. However, it does not always mean that
the conclusion is false, but it does underscore the
fact that the reasoning used to support it is not
valid, based on true premises.
7. Logic
 two methods reasoning: deductive and inductive.
 Deductive reasoning relies on facts, certainty,
syllogisms, validity, truth of premises sound
arguments and supported conclusions.
 Inductive reasoning relies on diverse facts,
probability, generalizations, hypotheses, analogies
and inductive strength.
The three most important aspects of critical thinking
(QT C ANA)  
 Quick Thinking - enables one person to respond to an unexpected prompt
fluidly and flawlessly.
 Creative Thinking.
 Unfortunately, many perfectly able problem-solvers damn themselves by
declaring that they are not creative and should not be expected to come up
with creative solutions.
 The truth is that we all have creative potential.
 Analytical Thinking
 Despite the plethora of problems confronting us on a daily basis, few of us
have had formal training in problem-solving. 
 Analytical thinkers have the ability to identify and define problems, extract
crucial info from data, and develop workable solutions to these problems.
Feeling the Fear (and Doing it Anyway)
          Anticipatory thinking is an effective
critical thinking and emotional
management exercise for coping with fear
and anxiety. It’s all about projecting the
mind into the future and analyzing many
possible outcomes instead of just
imagining the worst one.
 Barriers to Cultivating MO
Critical Thinking DU
 Why there is a need to improve one's LE
thinking? S
 Have you experience being hampered
various struggles? How did you cope
up? Is your solutions same outlook as
you think?
What is a barrier?
is something that might stop you from:
The most common barriers:
1. Egocentric
 people are focused on themselves.
 They think their own interests and ideas are
more important (and better) than anyone else.
Ex. “I don’t like horror movies. How can
anyone like them? People who do are sick!”
1. Egocentric
 tend to see themselves as better than they are in
reality
 give a person a self-serving bias*. Self-serving
bias is when you take credit for your successes
and blame others for your failures.
*Bias is like adding weight to your point of view.
Ex. You get an A on an exam and you believe it is
because you are very smart. You get a C on the
exam and say that the exam was very hard.
2. Sociocentrism
 is to be centered on one’s group.
 It focuses on what would be good for the
group that a person belongs to. When this
happens, it often leads to group bias, which is
when people think that their own group
(nation, tribe, peer group, etc.) is better than
others.
3. Peer Pressure
 Peer means someone in your group.
 Peer Pressure is when a group puts pressure
or stress on a person to be the same as the
group.
4. Denial –
 means to refuse or say “No” Denial is a way
people push away unpleasant thoughts from
our minds.
5. Face-Saving
 behaviors are things we do to save us from
embarrassment. ‘Saving face’ helps us maintain
our dignity and public image.
6. Fear of Change
 can stop you from taking action or changing
your mind.
 You might even want to change but the fear of
change means that you don’t try.
7. Scapegoating
 A scapegoat is someone (or a group of
people) who blame people for
something that goes wrong.
Stereotyping
 Judging someone because of a group they are
in.
 Stereotyping means we talk about ‘all’ or
‘every’ instead of looking at individuals
Ex. Ilocano – kuripot, Kapampangan –
mayabang, Igorot – not sweet,
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