4.

Gambaran CT SCAN
Kasus : EDH, SDH, SAH, ICH, IVH, Infark Cerebri
Primaswari Annisa F
EPIDURAL HEMATOMA
 EPIDURAL HEMATOMA
• EDH occurs in the potential space between the dura and the cranium. Epi is Greek for over
or upon. An EDH can also be referred to as extradural (outside of the dura). EDH is mainly
caused by structural disruption of the dural and skull vessels commonly associated with
calvarial fractures.
 LESI HIPERDENS BERBENTUK BIKONVEX

 Note the typical convex or lens-shaped appearance. The hematoma

takes this shape as the dura strips from the undersurface of the
cranium, limited by the suture lines.
 The dura is most adherent to the
sutures, which connect the various
bones of the skull. The major sutures
are the coronal sutures (frontal and
parietal bones), the sagittal sutures
(both parietal bones), and the lambdoid
sutures (parietal and occipital bones).
EDH rarely extends beyond the sutures.
SUBDURAL HEMATOMA
 SUBDURAL HEMATOMA
• A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a collection of blood below the inner layer of the dura but
external to the brain and arachnoid membrane 

• Pathophysiology
The usual mechanism that produces
an acute subdural hematoma is a high-
speed impact to the skull. This causes
brain tissue to accelerate or decelerate
relative to the fixed dural structures,
tearing blood vessels.
Lesi berbentuk bulan sabit (crescent)
SUBARACHNOID
HEMHORRHAGE
 SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
• The term subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) refers to extravasation of blood into the
subarachnoid space between the pial and arachnoid membranes 
• Blood due to a subarachnoid haemorrhage can,
therefore, pass into any part of the CSF spaces: sulci,
fissures, basal cisterns or ventricles.
INTRACEREBRAL
HEMHORRHAGE
 INTRACEREBRAL HEMHORRHAGE
• Intracerebral hemorrhage occurs when a diseased blood vessel within the brain bursts,
allowing blood to leak inside the brain. .The sudden increase in pressure within the brain
can cause damage to the brain cells surrounding the blood

• LOCATION:
 Bangsal Ganglia Hemorrhage
Pontin Hemorrhage
Thalamic Hemorrhage
Cerebellar Hemorrhage
Lobar Hemorrhage
• AETIOLOGY
 Hemorrhagic Venous Infarct
 Hypertensive Hemorrhage
INTRAVENTRICULAR
HEMHORRHAGE
 INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMHORRHAGE

• Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) merely denotes the present of blood within the

ventricular hemorrhage of the brain, and is responsible for significant morbidity due to the
development of obstructive hydrocephalus in many patients. 

It can be divided into primary or secondary, primary haemorrhage being far less common
than secondary:
Primary: the dominant finding is that of blood in the ventricles, with little if any
parenchymal blood
Secondary: a large extraventricular component is present (e.g. parenchymal or
subarachnoid) with secondary extension into the ventricles
ICH WITH IVH
CEREBRAL INFARCTION
 CEREBRAL INFARCTION

• Cerebral infarction is focal brain necrosis due to complete and prolonged ischemia that
affects all tissue elements, neurons, glia, and vessels.