Hearty Welcome to

Biology for Engineers Course

Dr. SARVA RAO BANADARU

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Department of Chemical Engineering
MVGR College of Engineering (A)
Education For Life
Education Through Life
Education Throughout Life

Mahatma Gandhi
 EDUCATION IS IN THREE DIMENSIONS

• Teaching
• Research
• Education through Community
 BIOENGINEERING
Microbes can and will do anything:
“Microbes are smarter, wiser and more energetic than
Microbiologists, Chemists, Engineers and others.”
 Characteristics of Life
Living organisms:
– are composed of cells
– are complex and ordered
– respond to their environment
– can grow and reproduce
– obtain and use energy
– maintain internal balance
– allow for evolutionary adaptation
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 Course Syllabus
• Unit 1 (Introduction)
• Unit 2 (Biochemistry And Molecular Analysis)
• Unit 3A (Genetics , Transfer of genetic information )
• Unit 3B (Metabolism)
• Unit 4 (Enzymes And Industrial Applications)
• Unit 5 (Microbiology and Industrial applications)
 Unit 1 (Introduction)
• Biology and its applications
• Biological classification
• Living Organisms: Cells and Cell theory
• Cell Structure and Function.
 Unit 2
(Biochemistry And Molecular Analysis)
• Chemical composition of living forms
• Analysis of Chemical composition
• Carbohydrates
• Amino acid and proteins,
• Protein synthesis,
• Nucleic acids,
• Lipids,
• Nature of bonding and qualitative tests
 Unit 3 Genetics ., Transfer of Genetic
Information
• Genetics,
• Mendelian Law,
• Mendel’s law of inheritance,
• Gene interaction, multiple allens,
• Chromosome theory of inheritance., linkage,
• Recombination, Chromosome mapping,
 Genetics terms you need to know:
• Gene – a unit of heredity;
a section of DNA sequence
encoding a single protein
• Genome – the entire set
of genes in an organism
• Alleles – An allele is a variant form of a gene. Some
genes have a variety of different forms, which are
located at the same position, or genetic locus, on a
chromosome. Humans are called diploid organisms
because they have two alleles at each genetic locus,
with one allele inherited from each parent.
• Locus – a fixed location on a strand of DNA where a
gene or one of its alleles is located.
• Homozygous – having identical genes (one from each
parent) for a particular characteristic.
• Heterozygous – having two different genes for a
particular characteristic.
• Dominant – the allele of a gene that masks or
suppresses the expression of an alternate allele;
• Recessive – an allele that is masked by a dominant
allele;
• Genotype – the genetic makeup of an organisms
• Phenotype – the physical appearance
of an organism (Genotype + environment)
Unit 3A Genetics ., Transfer of Genetic
Information
• Genetic disorders
• Nucleic acids
• Replication of DNA
• Types of RNA
• Transcription
• Genetic code
• Translation and steps in translation
 Unit 3B (Metabolism)
• Thermodynamics as applied to biological
systems.
• Exothermic and endothermic reactions.
• Concept of Keq and its relation to standard
free energy, Spontaneity.
 Unit 3B (Metabolism)
• ATP as an energy currency.
• This should include the breakdown of glucose
to CO2 + H2O (Glycolysis and Krebs cycle)
and synthesis of glucose from CO2 and
H2O(Photosynthesis).
• Energy yielding and energy consuming
reactions, Concept of Energy charge.
 Unit 4 (Enzymes & Industrial
Applications)
• Enzymes: Mode of action of enzymes
• Properties of enzymes, chemical reactions
• Factors affecting enzyme activity
• Co-factors
• Importance of enzymes,
• Industrial application of enzymes
 Unit 5 (Microbiology and Industrial
applications)
• Microorganism
• Growth kinetics
• Culture media
• Sterilization
• Microscopy
• Application of microbiology,
• Immunology and immunity
• Cancer Biology
• Stem cells.
 Prescribed Text Books
• Biology for Engineers by Wiley (ISBN:
9781121439931), 1st edition TMH, New Delhi
(2019)
• Suraishkumar G K, Biology for Engineers,
Oxford University Press, New Delhi (2019)
 Reference Text Books
• Campbell, NA and Reece JB, Biology,
International edition, 7th edition or later,
Benjamin Cummings, New York (2007 or
later)
• Karp, G, Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts
and Experiments, 7th edition, Wiley, New
York (2013)
 Course Assessment Procedure
• External Assessment (70M)
• Internal Assessment (30M)
– Mid Exam (15M)
– Quiz (10M)
– Assignments (5M)
 Course Objectives
1. To understand Biological concepts
from an engineering perspective
2. To inform the importance of
chemicals like lipids, sugars,
polysaccharides, amino acids and
proteins
3. To Understand about DNA and RNA
 Course Objectives
4. To Understand the process of metabolism
5. To Understand the various applications of
industrial enzymes
6. To understand the importance of industrial
microbiology in the current scenario.
7. To understand the growth kinetics of
microbes
 Course Outcomes
1. Explain the importance of biology in
engineering.
2. Identify the importance of chemicals
like lipids, sugars, polysaccharides,
amino acids and proteins
3. Know the importance of DNA and
RNA
 Course Outcomes
4. Describe the process metabolism
5. Know the various applications of
industrial enzymes
6. Know the importance of industrial
microbiology in the current scenario.
7. Explain importance of the growth
kinetics of microbes
 Origins of word “biology”

• Biology (Greek or Latin origin)

• Bios = life
• Logos = study of
 What is Biology?

• The study of life

• The science of living things

 What is Engineering?

• The major goal of engineers is to improve our

quality of life.
– Take known technologies and improve them
OR
– Create new technologies
 What is Bioengineering?
Chemistry
Biology

Bioengineering Medicine
Materials
Science

Engineering
Computation
 BIOENGINEERING

“BioENGINEERING is the process of

harnessing 'nature's own‘
biochemical tools to make
possible new products
and processes and provide
solutions To society's ills.”
 Skin/cartilage
Drug Delivery
Devices
Ocular implants
Polymers

Orthopedic Bone
screws/fixation replacements

Heart
valves
Metals Synthetic Ceramics
BIOMATERIALS

Dental Implants Dental Implants

Semiconductor
Implantable
Materials Biosensors

Microelectrodes
 Bioengineering is…
• Application of engineering principles to biology and
medicine
• Pictured here: Artificial Knee
Artificial Hip Joints
Substitute Heart Valves
Biomaterials for Tissue Replacements

• Bioresorbable vascular
graft

• Biodegradable nerve
guidance channel

• Skin Grafts

• Bone Replacements
 Some Specialty Areas
• Lab on a chip
• Tissue scaffolds
• Artificial limbs
• Imaging
• Appearance
THANK YOU
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