Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson

WHAT’S THE
MISSING LINK?!
Write the missing letters to complete the answer!
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

H A E
It is a collaborative form of performing art that
uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to
present the experience of a real or imagined event
before a live audience in a specific place, often a
stage.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

M E A
It is an orchestra consisting largely of
several varieties of gongs and various sets
of tuned metal instruments that are struck
with mallets.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

D N G
It is a specific name for the puppeteer and
storyteller who operates the puppets while
narrating the story, speaking all of the
dialogue, providing the sound effects, and
conducting the Gamelan.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

A A G
U I
It is one of the oldest traditional
storytelling which includes puppet
material with background music.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

G N R
It is a bronze xylophone with
resonance chambers beneath.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

E E P G
It is a zither of thirteen
double strings.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

U U G
It is used to signal the
beginning and the end of the
performance.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

G E E
These are pointed sticks of the wayang
base handle pierce, the peeled trunk of a
banana tree and the spongy substance
holds the puppets in place.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

U I A
T E E
It is a form of theatrical
performance that combines songs,
spoken dialogue, acting and
dance.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

I I O A
S A
T A E
This kind of theater was transmitted
from generation to generation.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson

WHAT’S THE
MISSING LINK?!
LET’S CHECK!
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

T H E A T E R
It is a collaborative form of performing art that
uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to
present the experience of a real or imagined event
before a live audience in a specific place, often a
stage.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

G A M E L A N
It is an orchestra consisting largely of
several varieties of gongs and various sets
of tuned metal instruments that are struck
with mallets.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

D A L A N G
It is a specific name for the puppeteer and
storyteller who operates the puppets while
narrating the story, speaking all of the
dialogue, providing the sound effects, and
conducting the Gamelan.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

W A Y A N G
K U L I T
It is one of the oldest traditional
storytelling which includes puppet
material with background music.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

G E N D E R
It is a bronze xylophone with
resonance chambers beneath.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

C E L E MP U N G
It is a zither of thirteen
double strings.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

G U N U N G A N
It is used to signal the
beginning and the end of the
performance.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

G E D E B O G
These are pointed sticks of the wayang
base handle pierce, the peeled trunk of a
banana tree and the spongy substance
holds the puppets in place.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

M U S I C A L
T H E A T E R
It is a form of theatrical
performance that combines songs,
spoken dialogue, acting and
dance.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson
What’s the Missing Link?

T R A D I T I O N A L
A S I A N
T H E A T E R
This kind of theater was transmitted
from generation to generation.
Learning Task #1: Review of the Lesson

WHAT’S THE
MISSING LINK?!
Very good, You did great!
Learning Task #2:

VIDEO
ANALYSIS!!
Write your observations in two sentences how the
actors/actresses/musicians perform on the stage. You
may use the musical elements and style in giving your
appraisal.
Learning Task #2:

VIDEO ANALYSIS!!
 Traditional
Asian
Theater
MUSIC 8 FOURTH QUARTER – PEKING OPERA
MELC-BASED:
Learning Objectives
1. Identify musical characteristics of selected Asian
musical theater through video films or live
performances (MU8TH-IVa-g-1);
2. Describe the instruments that accompany Kabuki,
Wayang Kulit, and Peking Opera (MU8TH-lVa-g-
2);
MELC-BASED:
Learning Objectives
3. Describe how a specific idea or story is
communicated through music in a particular Asian
Musical Theater; (MU8THIVb-h-3);
4. Improvise appropriate sound, music, gesture,
movements, props, and costume for performance of a
chosen Asian traditional musical and theatrical form
(MU8TH-IVb-h-7);
MELC-BASED:
Learning Objectives
5. Perform selection/s from chosen Asian musical theater;
(MU8TH-IVa-g-6) and
6. Evaluate music and music performances using guided
rubrics applying knowledge of musical elements and
style. (MU8TH-lVc-h-8).
 Traditional
Asian
Theater
MUSIC 8 FOURTH QUARTER – PEKING OPERA
Peking Opera
 Chinese theater traditionally was
considered as the highest form of
arts in China.
 It is also known as the Beijing
Opera still follows traditional
Chinese arts in stressing meaning,
rather than precise actions.
Peking Opera
 It is a stylized Chinese form of opera
dating from the late 18th century, in
which speech, singing, mime, and
acrobatics are performed to an
instrumental accompaniment.
 It became fully developed and
recognized by the mid-19th century.
Peking Opera
 It was regarded as one of the
cultural treasures of China and was
extremely popular in the Qing
Dynasty court.
 The opera artists’ goal is to make
every performance exceptionally
beautiful in every movement they
will make.
Peking Opera
 Nearly 200 years ago, four big opera
troupes from Anhui province combined to
create what is now known as Peking
Opera.
 It is a synthesis of stylized action, singing,
dialogue, mime, dancing, and acrobatic
fighting to represent a story or depict
different characters and their emotions.
Music of Peking Opera:
Two Sets of Tune
 The tunes referred to as “Xipi” are
used to express an ecstatic mood such
as pleasure, rage, or agitation.
 The tunes known as “Erhuang” are
used to convey a low-key mood and
deep thought, such as sadness, grief,
or melancholy.
Music of Peking Opera:
Vocal Style in Singing
 They also utilize the technique
called fan-pan which is
commonly used for sorrowful
songs, and is only sung by
bearded characters.
Music of Peking Opera:
Vocal Style in Singing
 There is also recitation, or “Changbai”, in
which the story is told, but it is not at all
like real-life conversation.
 The technique is very different from
normal speech, with a rhythm produced
by the actor raising and then muffling his
voice, as well as lengthening some syllables.
Music of Peking Opera:
Instrumental Accompaniment
 There are two divisions of musical
instruments in the Peking Opera.
 The “Wenchang” is mainly there to
accompany the singing of the actors and
actresses. It features musical instruments
such as jinghu, the yuequin, and the
pipa.
 The “Whuchang” is there to accompany
the acting, dancing and fighting.
Music of Peking Opera:
Instrumental Accompaniment
 It comprises about 8 musicians sitting on stools
in the far corner of the stage.
 Each performance in a Peking opera begins
with the ta-lo and siao-lo, a small and large
gong and cymbals.
 In some performances, they also start with a
single skin drum or kettle drum.
 The conductor usually sits in the center of the
orchestra and creates tempo with this drum.
Three Broad Categories of Musical
Accompaniment in Peking Opera
1. Aria - is a solo accompaniment portraying a
character.
2. Qupai - is a fixed-tuned melody, an example of
a qupai includes the Shui Long Yin (Chant of
the Water Dragon), which generally denotes the
arrival of an important person.
3. Percussion Pattern - provides context to the
music according to the character by his/her
rank or personality.
Musical Instruments in Peking Opera
1. Ti-its
 It is a cross flute; usually played
along singing.
2. Siao
 It is a recorded flute; usually
played along singing.
Musical Instruments in Peking Opera
3. Sona
 It is a trumpet; announces prosperous
occasions (victories, good news, etc.)
4. Hu-ch’in
 It is a two-stringed violin-like
instrument that is held upright against
the knee.
Musical Instruments in Peking Opera
5. Bu-ch’in
 It is also a two-stringed violin-like
instrument that has a more graceful
sound.

6. Yue-ch’in
 It is a four-stringed moon
guitar.
Musical Instruments in Peking Opera
7. San-sien
 It is a three-stringed instrument.

8. Pipa
 It is similar to lute with four strings.

9. Talo and Siao-lo

 These are gongs; signify the beginning
of the performance.
Musical Instruments in Peking Opera
10. Tan-pi-ku
 It is a kettle drum; used to
create the tempo of the
performance.
 Traditional
Asian
Theater
MUSIC 8 FOURTH QUARTER – PEKING OPERA
Learning Task #3:

Arrange Me!
Classify the musical elements and style used Peking Opera found inside the box.
Write them in their corresponding column.
SAN-SIEN CHANGHB WUCHAN XIPI YUE-
AI G CH’N
FAN-PAN ERHUANG QUPAI WENCHANG ARIA
Tune Vocal Music Instrumental Music
Learning Task #3:

Arrange Me!
SAN-SIEN CHANGHB WUCHAN XIPI YUE-
AI G CH’N
FAN-PAN ERHUANG QUPAI WENCHANG ARIA
Tune Vocal Music Instrumental Music
XIPI FAN-BAN SAN-SIEN
ERHUANG CHANGBAI WUCHANG
QUPAI
WENCHANG
YU-CH’N
ARIA
 Traditional
Asian
Theater
MUSIC 8 FOURTH QUARTER – PEKING OPERA
Characters in Peking Opera
 Peking Opera Face Painting is also
called Jingju Lianpu.
 The distinct make-up faces of Peking
Opera actors and actresses show their
outstanding roles in the play.
 Their make-up differs in color
representing many emotions and roles.
Characters in Peking Opera
1. Sheng 生
 Laosheng is a dignified older role with a
gentle and cultivated disposition.
 Xiaosheng is a young male characters
sings in a high, shrill voice with occasional
breaks.
 Wusheng is a martial character for roles
involving combat who is highly trained in
acrobatics and has a natural voice when
singing.
Characters in Peking Opera
2. Dan 旦
 The dan 旦 refers to any female role in Peking
opera.
 Laodan - old women
 Wudan - martial women
 Daomadan - young female warriors.
 Qingyi - virtuous and elite women.
 Huadan - vivacious and unmarried women.
 A troupe will have a young Dan to play main roles, as
well as an older Dan for secondary parts.
Characters in Peking Opera
2. Dan 旦
 The dan 旦 refers to any female role in Peking
opera.
 Laodan - old women
 Wudan - martial women
 Daomadan - young female warriors.
 Qingyi - virtuous and elite women.
 Huadan - vivacious and unmarried women.
 A troupe will have a young Dan to play main roles, as
well as an older Dan for secondary parts.
Characters in Peking Opera
2. Dan 旦
 The dan 旦 refers to any female role in Peking
opera.
 Laodan - old women
 Wudan - martial women
 Daomadan - young female warriors.
 Qingyi - virtuous and elite women.
 Huadan - vivacious and unmarried women.
 A troupe will have a young Dan to play main roles, as
well as an older Dan for secondary parts.
Characters in Peking Opera
3. Jing 净
 The jing 净 is a painted face male role.
 Depending on the repertoire of the particular
troupe, he will play either primary or secondary
roles.
 Jing will entail a forceful character that has a strong
voice and is able to exaggerate gestures.
 There are 15 basic facial patterns, but over 1000
specific variations of those. Each design is unique to
a specific character.
Characters in Peking Opera
4. Chou 丑
 The chou 丑 is a male clown
role.
 The chou usually plays
secondary roles in a troupe.
 Indeed, most studies of Peking
opera classify the chou as a
minor role.
Characters in Peking Opera
4. Chou 丑
 Chou roles can be divided into wenchou,
civilian roles such as merchants and jailers,
and wuchou, minor military roles.
 Chou characters are generally amusing and
likable, but a bit foolish.
 Their costumes range from simple for
characters of lower status to elaborate for high
status characters.
 Traditional
Asian
Theater
MUSIC 8 FOURTH QUARTER – PEKING OPERA
Learning Task #4: Assignment

Watch and Analyze!

You will watch a video clip about Peking Opera but focus your attention to the solo
performance of Qingyi. Write your observations and reactions regarding the following
elements of music listed on the table below.

Peking Opera Performance Sample

Tempo
Melody
timbre
DYNAMIC
S
 Traditional
Asian
Theater
MUSIC 8 FOURTH QUARTER – PEKING OPERA