Conditional

Sentences
“If grandma had wheels she’d
be a bicycle.”
Conditional sentences
• Conditional Sentences are also
known as Conditional Clauses or If
Clauses.
• They are used to express that the
action in the main clause (without
if) can only take place if a certain
condition (in the clause with if) is
fulfilled.
 Conditional
Sentences
• There are two kinds of conditional
sentences: real and unreal.
• Real Conditional describes real-
life situations.
• Unreal Conditional describes
unreal, imaginary situations.
• However there are three types of
Conditional Sentences.
What do these sentences tell
us about reality?
• If you work hard, you’ll succeed.

• If you worked hard, you would

succeed.

• If you had worked hard, you

would have succeeded.
1st Conditional
A touch of reality…
If-clause Main clause
Present simple will

If I see him, I will give him the book.

If I don’t see him, I will phone him in

the evening.

The order of the clauses can be reversed.

In this case DO NOT use a comma.
I will phone him in the evening if I don’t
see him.
 Use of Conditional
type 1
• Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the
future.

• An action in the future will only happen if

a certain condition is fulfilled by that time.

• We don't know for sure whether the

condition actually will be fulfilled or not,
but the conditions seems rather realistic –
so we think it is likely to happen
 Finish the following
1. If I gosentences…
away on holiday this year…
2. If I lose all my money…
3. If we get too much homework…
4. If my friend gets into trouble..
5. If we finish early today…
6. I’ll eat my hat if…
7. This school will have to close if…
8. We will all be very happy if…
9. I will be rather disappointed if…
10. Will you help me if…
UNLESS
 UNLESS
• Unless = If … not

• If you don’t run, you’ll miss the

bus.

• Unless you run, you’ll miss the bus.

2nd Conditional
There’s still hope…
If-clause Main clause
Past simple would

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.

If I had a car, I wouldn’t walk to

school.

The order of the clauses can be reversed.

In this case DO NOT use a comma.
I would read more if I didn’t watch so
much TV.
 Use of Conditional
type 2
• Conditional Type 2 is an unreal
conditional.

• The Unreal Conditional is used to

talk about improbable conditions
or impossible situations.
Please take a look at the example
carefully…
• Conditional • If John had money,
sentence he would buy a
Ferrari.
• John doesn’t have
• True Fact 1 money, He will not
buy a Ferrari
• True Fact 2 • John buys an
ordinary car.
Please take a look at the example
carefully…
• Conditional • If I found her address,
sentence I would send her an
invitation.
• I don’t find her
• True Fact 1 address, I will not
send her an invitation
• It’s difficult to find
her address
• True Fact 2
 Were instead of was
• In Conditional Sentence Type II,
we usually use ‚were‘ – even if
the pronoun is I, he, she or it –.
• We don’t use was in Conditional
Sentence Type II
If I were you, I would tell her.
 Finish the following
1.
sentences…
If people had eyes in the backs of their
heads…
2. If cars didn’t exist..
3. I would not tell him…
4. If I were rich…
5. If my best friend won the lottery…
6. We would kill a dog…
7. If we couldn’t speak English…
8. We wouldn’t go to Paris…
9. I would give you all my clothes…
10. If schools didn’t exist…
The 3 (unreal)
rd

Conditional
The land of regrets…
If-clause Main clause
Past Perfect would have + past participle

If I had seen you, I would have said

hello.

If you had told me the truth, I would have

forgiven you.

The order of the clauses can be reversed. In

this case DO NOT use a comma.
I would have forgiven you if you had told
me the truth.
 Use of Conditional
type 3
• Conditional Type 3 is an unreal
past conditional.

• The Unreal Conditional is used to

speculate about imaginary
situations or to regret past events.
 What haven't you
done?
• went to bed early last night?
• dyed your hair pink?
• travelled to Africa?
• joined the army?
 Say…
• 4 things you haven’t done
(that you wish you had)

• 4 things you’ve done (that

you wish you hadn’t)
Conditional
Sentences
Exercises
Student’s Book
 Page 73 – exercise 1
a) If she goes by plane, she will
arrive early.
b) If he was/were a respectful
person, he wouldn’t behave like
that.
c) If she travels by car, the
journey will last for…
 Page 73 – exercise 1
d) If he pays for anything...
e) If they met in L.A., she
would visit...
f) Hurry up if you want to
catch the train.
 Page 73 – Exercise 2
a) … she wouldn’t know her mark.
b) … she would do something
about it.
c) … she would find a good job.
d) … he would accept it.
e) … she will win.
f) … would go out more.
 Page 73 – Exercise 2
g) … someone will talk to her.
h) … you’d be careful about the
information you gave.
i) … you won’t trust him/her ever
again.
j) … they would learn more.
k) … her pen pal, she would be very
happy.
l) … they would visit him / her.
 Page 73 – exercise 3
a) Unless she trains hard, she won’t
succeed.
b) Unless she phones to say she has
changed the plans, he will be….
c) Unless he persuades her, she
won’t…
d) Unless you play fewer computer
games, you won’t have…
Page 83 – exercise 5 -
1
a) If you go to this college, you
will learn a lot…
b) If they paid in advance, they
would have a bonus.
c) If she takes part in this
exchange project, she will meet
new people.
Page 83 – exercise 5 -
1
d) If they facilitated the task, they
would avoid problems.
e) If he programmes the activities,
there will be time for
everything.
f) If teachers accompany the
students, ...
Page 83 – exercise 5 -
2
a) … you will get there earlier.
b) … they would learn faster.
c) … someone will find out.
d) … you will ask for help.
e) … would be able to speak it.
f) … she will have to postpone
the test.
Page 154 – exercise 1
a) If Jimmy hadn’t watched so much
TV, …
b) … if he had spent his time…
c) … I wouldn’t have missed my
favourite…
d) If you had told her in advance…
e) If the bus drivers hadn’t gone on …
f) … you wouldn’t have got fat.
Page 154 – exercise 2
a) If my teacher hadn’t given me
a lot of homework, I would
have gone to the football
match with my father.
b) I would have bought that T-
shirt if I hadn’t spent all my
money on DVDs.
Page 154 – exercise 2
c) We would have moved last
Summer if I had not been tired.
d) If I hadn’t felt ill during the
exam, I would have finished it.
e) She wouldn’t have damaged the
DVD player if she had read the
instructions.
Conditional
Sentences
Exercises
Workbook
 Page 21 – exercise L
(1)
a) … you won’t have money to
buy a …
b) … they would be surprised.
c) If she reads this tale,…
d) If you catch the wrong bus, …
e) If he touches that plate, …
 Page 21 – exercise L
(1)
f) … they will have a
comfortable journey.
g) … I would buy a bigger flat.
h) … it will take us about …
i) … the plane would land at
London Airport.
 Page 21 – exercise L
(2)
a) … you would improve your English.
b) … they will spend a lot of money.
c) … she will have an individual room.
d) … they would get to know their habits.
e) … someone will help whenever you
need it.
f) … you won’t have any money left!
 Page 21 – exercise M
(1)
a) … you hurry up.
b) … they get a subsidy.
c) Unless she arrives now, I’ll …
d) … it snows.
e) … my father had helped me.
f) … unless you go with me.
 Page 47 – exercise D
(1)
a) … we would have visited the island.
b) … she would have moved to New
Jersey.
c) … he would have caused an accident.
d) … she would have escaped.
e) … he wouldn’t have been in trouble.
f) … he would have become upset.
 Page 47 – exercise D
(2)
a) …she wouldn’t have heard the
verdict.
b) … they would have got better
places.
c) … he wouldn’t have lost the keys.
d) … she would have been chosen.
e) … I would have helped you.
Conditional
sentences
Worksheet no. 1
 Exercise A
1. If you had studied (study) for the test,
you would have passed (pass) it.
2. If you had asked (ask) me, I would
have helped (help) you.
3. If we had gone (go) to the cinema, we
would have seen (see) my friend Jacob.
4. If you had spoken (speak) English, she
would have understood (understand).
5. If they had listened (listen) to me, we
would have been (be) home earlier.
 Exercise A
6. I would have written (write) you a postcard
if I had had (have) your address.
7. If I hadn’t broken (not / break) my leg, I
would have taken (take part) in the contest.
8. If it hadn’t started (not/ start) to rain, we
would have walked (walk) to the museum.
9. We would have swum (swim) in the sea if
there hadn’t been (not / be) so many sharks
there.
10. If she hadn’t taken (not take) the bus, she
wouldn’t have arrived (not / arrive) on time.
 Exercise B
1. If he had dropped the vase, it would have broken.
III
2. If you have to do the washing up, I will helpI you.
3. If I had a hammer, I'd hammer in the morning ...
(song) II
4. I wouldn't run away if I saw a spider.
II
5. We'd have given you a lift if you hadn't had your
bike with you.
6. If youIII
had listened to me, the accident wouldn't
have happened.
7. If we don'tIII
get tickets for the concert, we'll stay at
home. I
8. They'd go by bus if they didn't have a car.
II
9. She'll hear us if you don't stop laughing.
10. He wouldn't have taken the bread if Ihe hadn't been
hungry.
III
 Exercise C
1. If I were (be) stronger, I'd help you carry
the piano.
II
2. If we'd seen you, we would have stopped
(stop). III

3. If we meet (meet) him tomorrow, we'll I

say hello.
4. He would have repaired the car himself if
III
he had had(have) the tools.
5. I
If you drop the vase, it will break (break).
 Exercise C
6. She would have come to the party if
she had not beenIII (not be) on holiday.
7. I wouldn't go to school by bus if I
had (have)
II a driving license.
8. If she didn’t see (not see) him every
day, she'd
II be lovesick.
9. I won’t travel (not travel) to London
if I don't get
I a cheap flight.
10. We'd be stupid if we told (tell) him II
about our secret.
 Exercise D
1. My grandfather can’t see unless
he wears glasses.
2. You are not a responsible citizen
unless you pay taxes regularly.
3. John gets very angry if Annie
comes home late in the evening.
4. I wouldn’t have believed if I had
not seen myself.
Conditional
sentences
Worksheet no. 2
 Exercise A
1. If you buy a new robot, you’ll
see its advantages.
2. If many companies don’t use on-
line marketing, it won’t touch a
wide range of consumers. OR
If many companies didn’t use
on-line marketing, it wouldn’t
touch a wide range of
consumers.
 Exercise A
3. If telemedicine didn’t treat many
patients sucessfully, it wouldn’t
be urgent to introduce it widely.
4. If most technological advances
didn’t carry along some bad
effects, some citizens wouldn’t
be against them.
 Exercise A
5. If men hadn’t many machines at
their disposal, they wouldn’t have
time to enjoy life.
6. If a large number of entrepreneurs
weren’t introducing automation in
their factories, productivity
wouldn’t be heightening too.
 Exercise A
7. If robots didn’t do several heavy
dirty tasks, they wouldn’t be
appreciated by modern
entrepreneurs.
8. If workers don’t learn how to work
with cutting-edge technology, they
will be made redundant.
 Exercise B
1. … people would have written letters
to communicate.
2. … would spend more money on
salaries.
3. …didn’t buy new and better machines.
4. …if money weren’t spent on research.
5. …someone hadn’t invented them!
6. …my students wouldn’t bring them to
class…
 Exercise B
7. …men will come back to factories!
8. …we wouldn’t have the phone.
9. …men prove to be better than machines.
10. …we stop wanting everything in a cell
phone.
11. …I wouldn’t be able to chat with my
friends.
12. …we won’t have to worry about our health.
 Exercise B
13. … we wouldn’t need anything else.
14. …they would spend a lot of money
in phone calls.
15. …they didn’t improve our quality
of life.
16. …robots hadn’t been invented.
17. …we would still carry our
walkman.
18. …if the net didn’t exist.