Good Morning

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Laboratory procedures In cast partial denture
frame work fabrication
Dr. M. Suresh Babu
 4

 Surveying of the diagnostic casts

 Design transfer
 Block out , relief & beading
 Duplication & refractory casts
 Waxing and spruing
 Investing, burnout &casting
 Finishing & polishing of the framework

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Surveying of the diagnostic casts & designing 5

 Survey line - BLACK

 Retentive undercuts - Red
 Rest seats & other areas need to be
prepared - Red
 Metallic portion - Brown
 Resin extensions - Blue

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Design transfer 6

 Conveying the outline of the proposed prosthesis from

the diagnostic cast to the master cast

 By the dentist or dental technician

 send the diagnostic casts & work authorisation form to

the lab along with the master cast

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Design transfer 7
 Tripod marks are transferred to the master casts ,exactly the same place as on the
diagnostic casts

 Survey lines are marked on the master casts

 All the teeth that will be contacted by metal
 Soft tissue undercuts

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Block out and Relief 8
 Block out : Elimination of undesirable undercut areas on the cast

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Arbitrary block out 9
All gingival crevices,

Tissue undercuts distal to cast

framework,

Labial and buccal undercuts not

involved in denture design
(for the ease of duplication)

Baseplate wax or clay

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 Parallel block out 10
Proximal tooth surfaces adjacent to
edentulous areas

Beneath all minor connectors

Tissue undercuts to be crossed by rigid

connectors

Tissue undercuts to be crossed by origin of

bar clasps

Deep interproximal spaces

Hard baseplate wax or block out wax

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 11
Shaped block out

On buccal & lingual surfaces to

locate plastic or wax patterns for
clasps.

Hard baseplate wax

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Formula for block out wax 12

 41/2 sheets baseplate wax

 41/2 sticks gutta-percha
 3 sticks sticky wax
 ½ teaspoon kaolin
 ½ tube lipstick

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 Use roach carver or no.7 spatula to flow block out wax below the survey 13
line

 Warm the analysing rod with alcohol torch, keep on removing the wax
until the survey line is visible

ledging :
 A type of shaped block out for the placement of clasps

 ledge the entire length of the clasp arm / retentive tip only

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 14

ledging

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 Beneath lingual bar & bar portion of 32 gauge wax
Relief the linguo plate
15
Thin tissue contacting major connector, -Flow thin layer of base plate wax
elevated palatal raphes

Beneath the frame work extensions in the 20 gauge wax

edentulous ridge areas for attachment of
resin bases (spacer )

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Beading of the master cast 16
 scoring a cast with a sharp instrument or bur in any desired area to
provide a seal between the finished prosthesis and the soft tissue

 A small spoon excavator

 Depth should not exceed 1 mm

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 Duplication and refractory casts 17

 Duplicating materials:
 Agar

 Alginate

 Polyvinyl chloride gel

 Silicones

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Duplication of the master cast 18
 Special flasks are used to support the cast and confine duplicating material.

Consists of three parts :

 Metal Base, Body, Reservoir ring

 Two holes in the top of the body for air escape as duplicating materials fills the flask.

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 19

DUPLICATING
FLASK
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 Soak the master cast in slurry water for 30 min 20

 Secure the cast in the base of the flask with modelling clay

 Prepare the material and pour into the flask at 60 degree temp

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Refractory cast : 21

Type of alloy: Noble/ Base metal alloy

Gypsum bonded/ Phosphate bonded/ Silica bonded

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 Water powder ratio is critical ( 200 gm )
 Add powder to the water, 22
 Mix for 30 to 60 seconds
 Use mechanical vibrations
 Add small portions of mix to each tooth that will be clasped first
 Allow the investment to set for 1 hr & then separate
 Trim the base to make it fit in the casting ring.

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 23

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 Trimming & Treatment Of Refractory Cast 24

 Trim the cast by leaving ¼ inch from the proposed framework, ¼ inch clearance between
sides of the cast and the casting ring

 The refractory cast is placed in drying oven for 2 to 3 hrs (180 to 200 degree F)

 The dry refractory cast is dipped into beeswax at 138°C for 15 seconds

(The bees wax just begins to smoke)

 Remove the cast & stand it on absorbent paper

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Treating the cast with Spray 25

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 26

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Waxing the frame work- Maxillary cast 27

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 Wax & plastic patterns are available in a large variety of shapes , sizes &
28
thicknesses.
 When waxing for gold, pattern should be slightly heavier

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 Flow blue casting wax into the beading (not more than 1 mm)
29
 Thin layer of wax flowed across the palate for reinforcement

 major connector :cut the sheet of wax ,adapt gently to the cast

 Seal the wax to the cast with blue casting wax.

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Minor connector should cover entire edentulous area
Different types of retention used are- 30
-Beads or nail head retention
-Mesh type
-Open lattice type

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 Direct retainers & indirect retainers , auxiliary rests are joined to the major
31
connector

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Internal & external finish lines 32

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Completed Adaptation Of Wax Pattern 33

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Adaptation Of Wax Pattern for mandibular 34
arch

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Major connector : 35
 Lingual bar : 6 – gauge pear- shaped form made of wax or plastic
 Double lingual bar : 12 gauge half- round wax
 Lingual plate : 26 or 28 gauge adapted over lingual bar
Minor connector :
extended 2/3 of the length of edentulous span
Retentive clasps , additional rests are joined to major connector

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Spruing 36
 Mandibular partial dentures are sprued through a hole in the centre of the refractory cast.

 Maxillary casts are sprued in a same way if the shape of casting permits, otherwise
sprued from above.

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• Hole in base of the cast should be 7mm in diameter, should be near to the 37
centre of casting,
• central sprue is made from base plate wax of 7mm in diameter inserted
through the hole until extends on the pattern side.

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 38
Basic types of spruing systems:
 Multiple

 Single

 Majority of castings require multiple spruing

 8-12 gauge round wax for main sprues

 12-18 gauge round wax for auxiliary sprues.

 Main sprue should be attached to the bulky section of the wax pattern.

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Auxillary Sprues 39
 Auxiliary sprues are required for retentive meshwork, clasp assembly, indirect retainer.

 Connected to the main sprue in a gentle curve.

 Venting sprue

Main and auxiliary sprues are attached to the central sprue app. 7mm below the tip .

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Investing 40

 Select a casting ring

 Place a ring liner – wet before investing

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Burnout 41
 Drives of moisture in the mold

 Vaporizes & eliminates the pattern , leaving cavity in the mold

 Expands the mold to compensate solidification shrinkage of the alloy

 Should be done on the same day

 Soak the mold in water for few minutes before burnout

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Burnout
42
Gypsum bonded investments -

Temperature - 4680C for the hygroscopic technique

- 6500C for the thermal expansion technique.

Phosphate bonded investments –

Temperature - 7000C to 8700C (Depending upon the alloy selected)

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Casting 43

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Divesting 44

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Sand Blasting 45

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Cutting off Casting Sprues 46

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Grinding Off The Stumps
47

Dental laboratory procedures vol 3;Rudd KD 2nd edition

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Removing Flash 48

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Sharpening Of Edges In Undercuts
49

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Fine Finishing 50

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 Electrolytic Polishing 51

• The polishing occurs in a bath of 85% orthophosphoric acid, which is heated to 49 ° C to

60 °C.

• The anode is attached to the cast and the cast is immersed in the solution The average
time is 6 amperes for 6 mins.

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Fitting Of Framework 52

• In this step, fit of the framework to teeth and soft tissues of supporting arch and to the
opposing occlusion is checked
• Use fit checking silicones, disclosing wax, any die marking solutions

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 Sectioning And Re-soldering The Framework 53

• If the framework is not seating completely on all rest seats, casting is then sectioned, placed
on the cast, soldered together.
• Minor connector and some major connector can be sectioned and soldered with either
precious metal or non precious soldering alloys, usually done with electro soldering device

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

 54
Final Finished Framework

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Recent Advances 55

CAD – CAM
CAD Design 3D - Printed
PEEK
Cobalt Chromium Alloy

Laboratory procedures in cast partial denture fabrication - 55

Thank You