Measures Of Central

Tendency
UNGROUPED DATA
 MELCS
• Illustrates the measures of central
tendency of a statistical data
2. Calculates the measures of central
tendency of ungrouped and grouped data

Learning Objectives
• Find the mean, median, and mode
of ungrouped data.
2. Describe the data using information
from the mean, median, and mode.
3. Recognize the importance of the
Measures of Central Tendency.
 2 Statistical Measures in
Quantitative Description Data
1. Measures of Central Tendency
or Measures of Average
Is a statistic that serves as a
representative of the data.

2. Measures of Dispersion or
Measures of Spread
Is a statistic that indicates how
close or widespread the data from
the average.
 The three distributions above represent different data conditions. In each
distribution, look for the region where the most common values fall. Even though
the shapes and types of data are different, you can find that central location.
That’s the area in the distribution where the most common values are located.
 That’s the concept!
Measures of central
tendency represent this
idea with a value.
 Measures of central tendency of ungrouped data

are those data which are not yet organized or

arranged into a frequency distribution.

Measures of central tendency of grouped data

are those data organized and summarized in the

forms of frequency distribution. These data classified
into categories for better presentation, and analysis.
 Ungrouped data
The arithmetic mean or arithmetic average

Is defined as the sum of the values of a variable divided

by the number of observations.
The definition is the same for both the sample mean and
the population mean, although we use different symbols to refer
to each.

The symbol for the sample mean is the Roman symbol X (read̅ as
x bar), and for the population mean is the Greek letter μ
(pronounced as " mu" “).
 The mean is the commonly used and most
reliable measure of central tendency. With
interval and ratio data, the arithmetic mean
can be calculated in addition to the mode
and the median.
 MEAN

1. What is the mean quiz 2. What is the mean age of a

score of a group of 6 students group of 10 students whose
whose quiz scores are 85, 80, ages are 15, 21, 16, 17, 20, 21,
74, 81, 76, and 84? 18, 21, 17, and 19.
MEDIAN
arrange in an array ( increasing or
decreasing order of magnitude). It
is the middle value when the
number of items is odd or the
arithmetic average of the two
middle values when it is even.. The
median is usually denoted by Mdn.
The median is the midpoint in a set of scores. With
ordinal, interval, and ratio data, we can calculate
the median score along with the mode. We cannot
calculate the median for nominal data since the
determination of the median requires that the
cases are ranked ordered from lowest to highest
or vice versa in terms of the quantity of the
variable each case possesses.
 MEDIAN

1. Determine the 2. Find the median of

median of the following the following set of
set of scores; items; 8, 12, 5, 6, 13,
6, 4, 5, 3, and 2. and 15.
 MODE
is defined as the value that appears with the highest
frequency.

When all values appear with the same frequency, the mode
does not exist. However, for some sets of data there may be
several values appearing with the greatest frequency in which
we have more than one mode. When two modes are present in
a distribution, such is called a bimodal, trimodal for three
modes and so forth.
 It is the only measure of central tendency that can be
calculated for nominal data, and even ordinal, interval, or
ratio data. Its great advantage over other choices is that very
easy to calculate. A simple inspection of a frequency table is
enough to determine the modal value or category.
 MODE

2. Determine the mode

of the following
1. Find the mode of the distribution.
following set of items. 12, 15, 21, 9, 6, 15,
4, 7, 11, 6, 4, 8, 3, 5, 2, 9 11, 8, 9, 5
The gross sales of two outlets of Pinoy Souvenir
Store in a certain area as follows.

(Amount in Philippine Peso)

1. Which outlet had the higher mean gross sales for

the week? By How much?
2. What is the combined daily mean gross sales of
the two outlets?
Determine the median of
the set of measures.
 a. 9, 7, 8, 9, 7, 4, 6, 5, 5,
7

Give the mode for each

b. 82, 83, 80, 88, 85, 80,
set of scores. 83

c. 21, 18, 16, 21, 18,

16