KPSM419: HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS GROUP 2 PRESENTATION

GROUP MEMBERS:
1. TECKLAH CHIVEVE W220009
2. WONGAYI MUSWERE W220137
3. TINAYE NHONGO W210074
4. MSEBELE MAKHOSAZANA W220409
5. ELCY MATHETHA W211455
6. CHIPO MAGOMBEI W191887
7. MARTIN CHIRIMA W220490
 QUESTION:
WFP provides cash assistance in Zimbabwe’s poorest urban area and plans to expand in 2022
The World Food Programme (WFP) Representative and Country Director Francesca Erdelmann said
“Reduced access to nutritious food has resulted in negative impacts for many. Families will find it
difficult to put food on the table, most of them have been stuck at home and were not able to go to
work. The fortunate ones will skip meals while those without will have to go to bed on an empty
stomach. For the most vulnerable people, hunger will have a lasting effect on their lives. The
deteriorating hunger situation, caused by COVID-19 threatens to be their biggest challenge.”
Nearly 83% of urban households are now struggling to buy the food they need for their families. They are
unable to buy basics such as mealie meal, salt and cooking oil compared to 76.8% in 2019
WFP’s urban assistance programme delivers monthly cash transfers to 326,000 Zimbabweans across 23
urban areas and depending on availability of resources aims to scale up to reach 550,000 people living in
the 28 worst affected and food insecure urban areas in the country. Households are given cash through
electronic transfers and vouchers that enable them to buy food items from selected retailers.
Required: State and critically discuss the modality being used to in assisting the vulnerable in
Zimbabwe’s urban areas by World Food Program.
Definition of terms

 Poorest urban area - characterised by inadequate household income, inadequate

consumption of basic necessities.
 Vulnerable – someone who belongs to a group within society that is either oppressed
or more susceptible to harm (poorest urban dwellers).
 Lasting effect – end results (death, malnourished, diseases, high rate of crimes).
 Modality - measures used to solve a problem on the ground (cash assistance).
 Cash Transfers –
 Resources – source of supply, support or aid (monthly cash transfer, food)
Introduction

 Poor urbanites in Zimbabwe experience high poverty and food insecurity

 Aims of WFP

 Increase access to nutritious food .

 Eradicating hunger
 Providing food basic to urban household
 Providing monthly cash transfers
 To scale up the reach out
 Household to receive cash
 Increase access to nutritious food

Positive Impact
 So that family members will be healthy and be able to eat 3 meals a day
 Everyone can at least have basic food commodities in their houses irregardless of food
price inflation and higher cost of living
 Save their hard earned assets from selling it and taking their children out of school
 Fill up a gap of the rich and poor
 Reduces chronic diseases blood pressure, obesity, stroke, kwashiorkor
 Reduces prostitution as single mothers, girls and teens will end up exchanging their
bodies with money to buy basic commodities
The modalities being used in assisting the vulnerable in
Zimbabwe’s urban areas by World Food Program are as follows:

 Challenge: Lack of sufficient space to grow crops, insufficient knowledge around how
to use technology to improve farming, high levels of unemployment, and low levels of
interest in farming.
 Solutions proffered:
 To promote food self-sufficiency in Mbare, a group of students is testing an innovative
approach called aquaponic urban farming using the Internet of Things (IoT).
 With a $30,000 grant from the Internet Society Foundation's Beyond the Net program,
the project was launched in 2018 under the direction of the Internet Society
Zimbabwe Chapter with assistance from the University of Zimbabwe, St. Peter's High
School Makerspace, and the I Am Mbare Youth Development Center.
 In a cooperative setting, aquaponics combines hydroponics—the practice of growing
plants in water—and aquaculture—the practice of rearing aquatic animals like fish.
CONT…

 Fish waste is transformed into nitrates, which plants use as fertilizer while
filtering and cleaning the water for the fish as both plants and fish thrive at
the same time.
 Provision of monthly cash transfers

 Cash-based transfers continue to be delivered via e-voucher and remittance

modalities.
 Households are given cash through electronic transfers and vouchers that
enable them to buy food items from selected retailers.
 Stabilizes access to food which results in increasing the number of meals and
quantities of food consumed.
 Regular cash transfers resulted in smoothing households’ consumption.
 Cash transfer improves household purchasing power which in turn improves
food consumption behaviors of poor households.
 The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) has announced
an additional US$7 million in fresh funding for the World Food Programme
(WFP), which will go directly toward helping families in Zimbabwe's urban
regions improve their skills and capacity to withstand economic and
climatic shocks.
 With SDC's assistance, the most vulnerable, food insecure urban Zimbabweans
receive cash transfers from WFP in addition to programs that increase their
resilience to deal with a variety of shocks and stressors that have the
potential to destroy their food security.
 With the additional financing, WFP will work with other collaborating
organizations and the Government of Zimbabwe to engage urban communities
in Bulawayo, Mutare, and Gweru on both a national and district level.
 In collaboration with UNFPA, WFP is purchasing
computers for the Government of Zimbabwe's
Maternity Waiting Houses.
 The computers will be used to manage information and digitize records,
enabling more effective programming that takes nutrition into account.
 Humanitarian assistance

 During severe seasonal shocks or other emergencies, WFP works to help

people who are food insecure in urban areas like Epworth, Mbare, and
Sakubva, including refugees, meet their basic food and nutrition needs.
 During seasonal lean times, which might become into crises, WFP will
continue to offer assistance.
 The goal is to increase food access and make sure that in times of need,
disadvantaged populations get a sufficient and nourishing diet.
 Nutrition

 In accordance with regional, national, and international targets, WFP is

assisting efforts to lower the rate of stunting in children in priority districts by
2025.
 In order to prevent stunting and micronutrient deficiencies among children
aged between six months and two years old, improve the diets of young
children, enhance access to affordable fortified foods, and maximize
government nutrition programming.
 A balanced diet that includes foods from numerous different food groups and
adequate amounts of calories has been offered.
 Support to smallholder farmers

 By addressing the lack of institutions and processes to facilitate effective and

lucrative selling, WFP hopes to enhance the access of smallholder farmers to
functional markets by 2030.
 Together, these communities will strengthen urban agriculture, create
connections between rural and urban food supply networks, and educate
themselves on climate-smart agricultural practices, among other important
tasks.
 Climatic shock resistance in urban
areas.
 In order to assist urban households experiencing food insecurity in achieving
food security and exhibiting resilience to seasonal shocks and stressors, WFP
offers cash or food to meet families' immediate needs while assets, like water
harvesting systems, are renovated or built for long-term food security.
 Social security

 Zimbabwe's social protection system is being strengthened by WFP so that

communities who are prone to vulnerability can always satisfy their most
basic requirements.
 In order to increase the effectiveness and consequences of humanitarian
interventions in the short term while reducing the need for interventions in
the future, WFP works to strengthen national institutions and systems.
 Supply chain solutions

 Aid is delivered more quickly and easily to beneficiaries thanks to WFP's

partners' access to cost-effective and efficient logistics and procurement
services.
 Seed funding provided by the United Kingdom’s
Department for International Development
(DFID) in support of WFP.
 Epworth, one of Zimbabwe's poorest communities, had 19,000 urban residents
who WFP was able to successfully serve.
 According to market-monitoring studies that account for the cost of staple
foods in urban areas, each transaction gives households the equivalent of $9
USD for each family member.
 The successful implementation of the urban assistance pilot programme and
lessons learned, coupled with the increasing needs of civilians, has prompted
WFP to scale up its urban response in 2020.
 Household to receive cash

 As part of an urban pilot project supported by the UK's Department for

International Development (DFID) and the EU's department of European Civil
Protection and Humanitarian Assistance Operations, those considered to be
the most food insecure have been receiving monthly funding from WFP
(ECHO).
 The cash payment by the World Food Programme (WFP) in Zimbabwe assisted
almost 19,000 marginalized residents in the Epworth neighborhood of Harare.
 The severe drought, the economic downturn, and Cyclone Idai all contributed
to the extreme famine that affected 8 million people. 2.2 million of this total
population reside in urban areas. The WFP's updated emergency response
strategy aims to give 200,000 of them mobile cash.
Factors hinders the effectiveness of cash
transfers
Urban dwellers irregardless of receiving cash transfers they continued to:-
• Ate small quantities of food
• Skipped meals
• Had poor dietary diversity
• Buying illicit drugs
• Diverting that money to pay other bills eg rentals, buying clothes and barter
trading
Challenges encountered during Cash
Transfer
• Low transfer value
• Irregular distributions
• Weak targeting mechanisms
• Disbursement mechanisms
• Poor communication have deterred the effectiveness of cash transfers
solutions

 Transfers meant for improving access to food should be implemented in

conjunction with livelihood projects such as sewing, beekeeping, fish
farming, welding, building, sewing, baking etc to enable poor urbanites to
meet basic their daily basic needs as well as non basic foods.
REFERENCES:

 (Brown, D., Chanakira, R.R., Chatiza, K., Dhliwayo, M., Dodman, D., Masiiwa,
M., Muchadenyika, D., Mugabe, P. and Zvigadza, S., 2012). Climate change
impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in Zimbabwe. International Institute
for Environment and Development..
 (Germann, S.E., 2005). An exploratory study of quality of life and coping
strategies of orphans living in child-headed households in the high HIV/AIDS
prevalent city of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe (Doctoral dissertation).
 (Von Braun, J., Teklu, T. and Webb, P., 1992). Labour-intensive public works
for food security in Africa: Past experience and future potential. Int'l Lab.
Rev., 131, p.19.
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