GLOBAL WIND PATTERNS

CONTENTS
• Wind
• Formation of wind
• Coriolis effect
• Types of winds: Global and Local wind
• Prevailing wind
• Location of Nepal
 WIND RELATES TO AIR
A 'wind' is simply the flow of a huge
amount of air, usually from a high Fig: pressure and
pressure-area to a low-pressure area.  wind direction
• Air is the combination of all the gases –
that surrouds the earth atmosphere-
• -like carbon dioxide, argon, oxygen,
nitrogen, hydrogen and many more
• The movement of Air from place to
place, typically from a high-pressure
area to a low-pressure area i.e, wind
• Winds behave differently in many
different places and conditions around
the earth. Fig: layers of atmosphere
 FORMATION OF WIND
• Begins with sun’s radiation- absorbed
differently on the earth’s surface and heated
differently –
• Due to cloud cover, water bodies, vegetation,
uneven surface like mountains, valleys
• Variation of temperature on earth surfaces
• Air on surfaces with higher temperatures 
-begin to rise - it is lighter, - creates low
atmospheric pressure
• Air on surfaces with cooler temperatures
sink - sinking creates higher atmospheric
pressure.

Fig: formation of wind

FORMATION OF WIND
• The behaviour when warm gases or liquids
moving upward and being replaced by
cooler particles is called Convection.
• The energy moving during convection is Sea breeze
called convectional current.
• Convection occurs in liquids and gases –
land breeze and sea breeze
• Sea breeze occurs at day time where as
land breeze at night time

Fig: formationLand breeze

of wind
 CORIOLIS EFFECT
• Wind appears to curve due to earth’s
rotation
• Northern hemisphere- wind curves to the
right
• Southern hemisphere- wind curve to the
right
PRESSURE BELT
 TYPES OF WINDS
• Different classified winds like gentle
breeze, moderate winds, strong winds gale
winds(end up as tornadoes and hurricane)
• Types are: Local wind and Global wind
• Local wind- created as a result of scenery
such as mountains, vegetation, water
bodies and so on-
• ex:sea breezes and land breezes, and
mountain and valley breezes.

Slope
wind
 TYPES OF WINDS
• Global wind - large air masses - created
mainly as a result of the earth’s rotation, the
shape of the earth and the sun’s heating
power. 
• Types –
1. Polar easterlies
2. Prevailing westerlies
3. Tropical easterlies/ trade winds
4. Doldrums
 TYPES OF WINDS
1. Polar easterlies- covers from 60° latitudes to the north
and south poles- wind blows from east to west
2. Prevailing westerlies- covers 30° to 60° latitude to the
north and south - wind blows opposite direction from
west to east-Horse latitudes:Where the Westerlies meet
the trade winds at about 30 degrees (Jacksonville,
Florida) is the Horse latitudes, also Variables of Cancer,
Subtropical High, or Subtropical ridge. This is a region
of high pressure, dry air, and variable winds, and is
associated with deserts over land.
3. Trade wind- covers 0° to 30° latitude- wind blows from
east to west
4. Doldrums - 0° to 5° latitude to the north and south of
equatorial area- very low pressure area caused by
constant heating of the sun – calm area with very little
wind
 PREVAILING WINDS
• Prevailing winds are the directions that
wind typically come from a location
• Distribute large amounts of solar
energy across the world
• Cause variety of precipitation like rain
or snow
 LOCATION OF NEPAL
• The main latitude and longitude of
Nepal is 28° North and 84° East.
• small Asian country falls within the
Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle.
• The climatic condition of Nepal is not
typically a temperate one as the country
is located at the foothills of the
Himalayas.
 CONCLUSION
• Hot/moist air rises up and cool/dry air
sinks down
• Low pressure due to hot air
• High pressure due to cool air
• Coriolis –curve wind due to earth’s
rotation
• Types local and global wind
THANK YOU!