Chemistry of Cosmetics

SM Sabuj Afridi 1912379049

Md. Shahidul Islam Shagor 2012418049
Syed Shakir Ahmed Rajin 1911398649
Hasibur Rahman 1512278046
 INTRODUCTION

Cosmetics have been used since ancient times

and are now a necessary component of our daily
lives. Cosmetics are items that are applied to
improve or change one's look. Their chemical
makeup significantly influences the efficiency,
safety, and compatibility of cosmetics with
various skin types.
 DEFINITION OF COSMETICS

 Cosmetics are materials or items that are used to improve or change someone's look.

 These may be used on the body's skin, hair, nails, or other areas.

 Makeup, skincare, haircare, fragrances.

INGREDIENTS OF COSMETICS

Cosmetic ingredients can be divided into two categories

Active ingredients

Inactive ingredients
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS

 Peptides,
 Plant extracts,
 Vitamins,
 Minerals,
 Other bioactive substances.
 INACTIVE INGREDIENTS

Cosmetics may contain inactive chemicals to enhance the product's stability, stability,
and attractiveness. Emulsifiers, thickeners, preservatives, perfumes, and colorants are a
few examples. These components are crucial
for giving the product the uniformity,
shelf-life and aesthetic appeal that
are desired.
 EMULSIFIERS

Emulsifiers are substances that facilitate water-based and oil-based substances. They are
necessary for the creation of emulsion-based creams, lotions, and other products.
Ingredients like Lecithin, Glyceryl stearate and Cetearyl alcohol can be used as
emulsifiers.

Lecithin
 THICKENERS

Ingredients known as thickeners make a product viscous or thicker. They are frequently
utilized while creating creams, lotions, and gels. Ingredients like Carbomer, Xanthan
gum and Hydroxyethyl cellulose are examples of thickeners.

Carbomer
 PRESERVATIVES

Cosmetics are made with preservatives to stop the growth of germs and other microbes.
They are crucial to maintaining the product's use and safety. Ingredients like Parabens,
Phenoxyethanol and Potassium sorbate are examples of preservatives.

Paraben
 FRAGRANCES

 Natural or synthetic essential oils or aroma compounds

 Mask the inherent smell
 Impart a pleasant odor
 Enhance the experience of using the product
 Influence the consumer's decision on which product to buy
 The common ingredients found in perfume are benzyl alcohol, acetone, linalool,
ethanol, ethyl acetate, benzaldehyde, camphor and limonene.
 The four main types are warm, woody, oriental and fresh

Aldehyde
 COLORANTS

 Colorants are soluble (in water or in oil) synthetic organic coloring agents. Though
pigments are insoluble coloring agents, which when used, remain in the form of
crystals or particles
 The five colorant categories include dry color, liquid color, paste dispersion,
master batch, and compounded color.
 Makes a product attractive but are also utilized for the purpose of identification,
safety and protection of the products
 Iron oxides, Titanium dioxide and Ultramarines are a few examples of chemicals
that can be used as colorants.
 

Titanium dioxide
 PH

 The skin has a pH of about 5.5.

 Too acidic or alkaline cosmetics can upset the skin's natural pH balance
 Must be compatible with the skin's natural pH to be effective.
 SKIN PENETRATION

Another crucial aspect of cosmetics' efficacy

and safety is their capacity to enter the skin.
Depending on their molecular size, polarity, and
other characteristics, some substances can
permeate the skin more readily than others.
Cosmetic ingredients must be safe and subject to
strict regulation since substances that penetrate
the skin may have an impact on the tissues and
organs underneath.
SAFETY REGULATIONS
There are safety laws governing
cosmetics in several nations, including
the US and the EU. Manufacturers of
cosmetics are required by these laws to
make sure that their goods are safe for
human use and that all components and
cautions are listed on the labels. safety
rules, certain substances, such as heavy
metals, particular preservatives, and
some perfumes, must be avoided or
regulated in cosmetics.
FUTURE TRENDS
The use of natural and sustainable substances in
cosmetics is anticipated to –
• expand further in the future and 
• new technologies that improve the efficacy and
safety of cosmetic products are also likely to be
developed.

Also, there is rising interest in personalized

skincare, which involves creating products that are
specific to a person's skin type and requirements.
The research and formulation of cosmetic products
may also involve the use of artificial intelligence
and machine learning.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the development and formulation
of cosmetic products heavily rely on the
chemistry of cosmetics. The effectiveness and
safety of cosmetics are greatly influenced by the
ingredients, pH, skin penetration, and safety
restrictions. We may anticipate further
breakthroughs in the use of natural and
sustainable components, as well as innovative
technology and individualized treatments, as the
cosmetics business continues to develop.
 REFERENCES

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American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 16(3), 247-251.
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