“PERSONALITY

DEVELOPMENT”
LESSON 22
Conduct a Mini-survey on
Filipino Relationships
(family, school, and
community)
Social relationship refer to the connections that
exist between people who have recurring
interactions that are perceived by the
participants to have personal meaning. This
definition includes relationships between
family members, friends, neighbors, fellow
workers, and other associates.
Relationship is the way in which
two or more people or groups
regard and behave toward each
other.
 Three types of relationships:
Family relationships,
friendships, acquaintanceships and
community relationships.
Family relationships, or relatives are
people we are connected to through
some form of kinships, such as
parents, brothers and sisters,
grandparents, aunts and uncles or
step-parents.
 Friends are people we are not related to
but choose to interact with. A friend
is a person whom one knows and with
whom one has a bond of mutual affection,
typically exclusive of sexual or family
relations.
Acquaintances are people you
may encounter oftentimes, but
are not friends or relatives.
 Community relations simply describe a
company's interactions with the
community in which it resides. Cambridge
dictionary defines it as the relationship
that a company, or organization has with the
people who live in the area in which
it operates.
 Home-school partnership occurs through
the processes of cooperation,
coordination, and collaboration to enhance
learning opportunities, educational
progress, and school success for students in
the academic, social, emotional, and
behavioral domains.
According to H. Castillon1 & A. Bonotan, The Dynamics of Home-
School Partnership and Young Learners’ Performance: From the
Lens of Kindergarten Teachers Conferences, Classroom Projects,
Contributions”; Partnership is strengthened with the 3 R’s:
Rapport, Reaching Out, Recognition to Parents”; “Involved
Parents beget confident, sociable, and active kids”, “Less involved
parents tend to have kids who are timid, withdrawn and perform
less.” Parenting is important in the Philippine educational setting
because family is viewed as a center to one's social world.
The partnership may involve the following:
1. utilization of school or neighborhood facilities and
equipment or giving out other resources

2. collaborative fundraising and grant applications giving

assistance

3. mentoring and training from professionals and others

with special expertise

4. information sharing and dissemination

5. networking recognition and public relations

6. shared responsibility for planning

7. implementation and evaluation of programs

and services;

8. expanding opportunities for internships, jobs,

recreation, and building a sense of community.
“Conducting a Mini-
Survey”
 Some uses of the mini-survey are:
1. To get a picture that will help you to
design the next stages of your research
2. To assess the feasibility of a project
3. To get reactions from beneficiaries
4. To evaluate projects.
Advantages of mini-
survey:
1. Technically, mini-surveys for development
research are usually structured interviews rather
than questionnaires, because questionnaires
exclude people who cannot read.

2. The respondents are few.

3. A mini-survey may not give you great precision, it

may be good enough to give you a general picture
of the situation, trends, and patterns.
Steps in conducting a
mini-survey:
 Step 1: Clarify Your Objectives

Step 2: Find Out What Else Has Been Done

Step 3: Choose the Respondents

Step 4: Develop the Questions

Guide in writing questions:
The Do’s and the Don’ts
1. Use short, simple sentences of less than
sixteen words. However, sensitive questions
may require a softener.

2. Use the active rather than the passive voice:

"Should the teachers discipline the students?"
rather than "should discipline be carried out by
the teachers?"
3. Repeat nouns instead of using pronouns:
"When the teacher saw Memorandum, he was
terrified."
Who was terrified?

4. Avoid metaphors and colloquialisms:

"Earl and Eljim agreed, but Eloise thought that
was a horse of a
different color."
5. Avoid the subjective mode, such as verbs with could
and would:
"If the school could improve its security system, would
people send more girls?"
Avoid vague words such as "nearer," "often," and
"frequent." "Would you like to live nearer to Baguio?"

6. Avoid possessive forms where possible:

"Mila's sister took her request to her teacher."
Whose request, whose teacher?
7. Use specific rather than general terms:
The chief, the teacher, rather than the authorities,
the soccer club, the debating team, rather than
extracurricular activities.

8. Avoid words with two different verbs if the verbs

suggest two different
actions: "Should villagers attend and challenge the
teachers at the parent-teacher meetings?"
7. Use specific rather than general terms:
The chief, the teacher, rather than the authorities,
the soccer club, the debating team, rather than
extracurricular activities.

8. Avoid words with two different verbs if the verbs

suggest two different
actions: "Should villagers attend and challenge the
teachers at the parent-teacher meetings?"
LESSON 23
 “Family
Structures”
 Family came from the Latin word
“familia” which means group of
people living in the same household.

Family is the basic unit of the society.

“Types of Family
Structure”
Family Structure Definition Example
Nuclear Family It is also known as conjugal” or Mother, father and children
“traditional” family consisting
of married couple and their
offspring

Extended Family This type of family includes all A family living together
relatives in proximity, such as mother, father, children,
grandparents, aunts, uncles grandparent, aunts, uncles and
and cousins. Theses relatives other relatives in one roof.
typically live together and all
share daily household duties.

Single Parent Family This family type includes one Father with his children or a
parent and their children only. mother with her children living
A single parent family could be in a household
the result of a divorce, the
death of one parent or even a
single parent adoption
Step Family A family where the Mother, children,
parents have divorced stepfather and children
and remarried, bringing
children from other Father, children,
unions together to form a stepmother and children
new nuclear family

They are also known as

blended family

Foster Family A family includes parent Parents children and foster

who serve as a temporary child
guardian for one or more
children to whom they
may or may not be
biologically related.
Adoptive Family A family wherein Parents and adopt
parents may adopt a child
child to whom they
share no blood
relationship or one
parent may adopt the
child of the other
parent.
Bi-racial or multiracial A family wherein Filipina mother,
parents are from American father,
different races children
Trans-racial Adoptive A family wherein American parents and
Family parents adopted a adopted Filipino
child with a different children
race

Conditionally A family wherein one Family members are

separated Family of the family members together except for the
is conditionally father working abroad
separated from the or brother serving in a
others. military
Childless Family Married couple Mother and father
without children only

Gay or Lesbian A family wherein A lesbian mother

Family one or both parents and children with a
has a different gay father
sexual orientation
and is part of the
LGBT community
Migrant Family It is a family who A family who
settles together in a migrated from a
different place, it place because the
could be from one father is military
place to another officer
due to some
circumstances such
as father job.
Immigrant Family A family wherein A family whose
one or both parents mom is already an
are already an immigrant of
immigrant of other Canada.
country.
The Emotional
Legacy
 A strong emotional legacy:
• Provides a safe environment in which deep emotional
roots can grow
• Foster confidence through stability
• Conveys a tone of trusting support
• Nurtures a strong sense of positive identity
• Creates a “resting place” for the soul
• Demonstrates unconditional love
 Key building blocks of children’s
social legacy:
• Respect beginning with themselves and working out
to other people
• Responsibility, fostered by respect for themselves that
cultivated by assigning children duties within the
family
• Unconditional love and acceptance by their parents
• Conditional acceptance when the parents
discipline for bad behavior

• Rules that are given within a loving

relationship
 Spiritual Legacy:
• Acknowledge and reinforce spiritual realities?
• View God as personal caring being who is to loved and
be respected?
• Make spiritual activities a routine part of life?
• Clarify timeless truth, what is right and wrong?
• Incorporate spiritual principles into everyday living
LESSON 24
 Make a Genogram and Trace
Certain Physical, Personality, or
Behavioral Attributes through
Generations
“When a picture depicts
thousand words.”
“When a picture depicts
thousand words.”
Tracing our family history may not only give us ideas
of who are the prominent individuals who belong to
our family tree but most significantly, it will help us
grow better. You will not only learn who your family
is but how everyone is connected. For instance, a
family genogram can tell you who is married,
widowed, divorced and
the like.
A genogram (pronounced: jen-uh-gram) is a graphic
representation of a family tree that displays detailed
data on relationships among individuals. A genogram
is a more complex family tree because it describes
not only the family physical and social relationships
but also the emotional connections and other family
attributes are described.
Genograms were first developed and popularized in
clinical settings by Monica McGoldrick and Randy
Gerson through the publication of a book in 1985.
Genograms are now used by various groups of
people in a variety of fields such as medicine,
psychology, social work, genealogy, genetic research,
and education.
Genogram also known as a McGoldrick–Gerson
study, Jolly, W.; Froom, J.; Rosen, M. G. (1980).
It goes beyond a traditional family tree by
allowing the user to visualize hereditary
patterns and psychological factors that
punctuate relationships
LESSON 25
 Plan on How to Make
the Family Members Firmer
and Gentler with Each Other
Family Relationships

Family relationships are meaningful

relationships in life and society. It is the basic
relationship people have in life since birth,
especially of children born in a biological family.
They play a vital role in shaping and developing
an individual’s well-being throughout his/her
life
“Types of Family
Relationships”
1. Couple relationship –is an intimate connection
between partners as husband and wife or two
people living together through the bond of
marriage or by cohabitation (live-in partner).

2. Parent-child relationship- the connection between

parents to the child/children either biological or
adopted.
3. Sibling relationship- the connection between
or among the brothers or sisters in the family.

4. Extended family relationship – refers to the

connection between the nuclear family with
other members of the family like aunts, uncles,
grandparents, cousins, and other relatives.
What is a firmer and gentler family relationship?

It is a relationship that makes the family stronger amid

difficulties, and crises they are experiencing. Struggles
and difficult times brought them closer together, as they
learned to be respectful, patient, kind, and tender to each
other, because they are one as a family. It is like a strong
tree that can always stand still in the face of different
storms passing through it.
 Ways on How to Make Family
Members Firmer and Gentler with
Each Other
 Direction: Describe what your future
family would be. You can adopt rules from
your parents on how you want to train
your future child. You can do this activity
through a poem, a short story, or through
drawing.
ACRONYM of FIRMER and
GENTLER PLANS
Foster unity. There is unity in the family despite the
differences in personalities and characteristics of
each member by doing its specific roles in the
family. Promote unity in the family by building a
bond among the members.

Involve each other. Every member of the family is

important. Include them in significant decision-
making in family life.
Respect individuality. Give higher regard by appreciating
the uniqueness of every member of the family, knowing that
everyone has its identity, strengths, and weaknesses. Respect can
be earned without comparing one with another. An example is by
asking permission whenever one needs another member’s
belongings.
Model the behavior. Everyone in the family could be
a model for each other. Modeling behavior is setting
yourself as an example that is worth following to
other members of the family.

Explain expectations and consequences. Let every

family member understand what is expected of
them as to their responsibility. Along with this,
consequences must be clarified, so they will also
know their accountability.
Reward good behavior. A reward is an
excellent motivation for any family
member, so they can keep on doing what is
good and right. Always look at the positive
behavior rather than focusing and nagging
on other family member’s failures.
Give love and forgiveness. We all need love, but we also
need to give love. Love is the core of relationships to
make it stronger and better. When there is love, there is
also forgiveness for they go hand in hand together.

Express gratitude. Support one another through giving

positive words and expressing gratitude. Communicate
with constructive words and affirmation.
Nurture trust. A trusting relationship promotes
dignity and integrity in the relationship. When trust
is present, it challenges the person to do better
because others are depending on him/her.

Take time together. Spending time together helps to

know each other better and promote authentic and
stronger relationships. Pray, play, eat, solve
problems together, etc.
Listen attentively. Give your attention to the one who has
concerns. It enables you to understand the motives,
feelings, and ideas of others. The deeper the
understanding between each family member, the
stronger the family is.

Ensure safety. It is within the family that members should

feel safe and secured. Be sure that no abuses and
domestic violence are happening among the members of
the family. Do not put your family in danger.
Remember God. Acknowledge God as the Source, great
provider, and the center of the relationship. The God of
love, peace, and justice is with us always. If God is the
center of the relationships, you will do everything that is
pleasing both to God and others.

Pray always. Prayer is a necessary ingredient in

relationships. Seek strength and help from God in all
circumstances. A family that prays together stays stronger
Learn
Learn good
good communication.
communication. Good
Good communication
communication
promotes
promotes knowledge
knowledge and
and understanding
understanding of
of the
the situation
situation
in
in the
the family.
family. Good
Good communication
communication uses
uses “I”
“I” messages
messages
expressing
expressing one's
one's concerns
concerns and
and feelings,
feelings, not
not blaming
blaming and
and
condemning
condemning others.
others.

Accept
Accept failures.
failures. Nobody
Nobody isis perfect;
perfect; everyone
everyone makes
makes
mistakes.
mistakes. Acceptance
Acceptance of
of one’s
one’s failure
failure gives
gives room
room for
for
learning
learning and
and improvement
improvement in
in your
your relationship.
relationship.
Learn good communication. Good communication
Nourish each other. To nourish is to provide the necessary
promotes knowledge and understanding of the situation
things needed in the family. Nourish the family with
in the family. Good communication uses “I” messages
kindness and gentleness. Stop being rude or harsh toward
expressing one's concerns and feelings, not blaming and
each other.
condemning others.
Serve one another. Serving one another is treating
Accept failures. Nobody is perfect; everyone makes
everyone as important to you. When everyone is serving
mistakes. Acceptance of one’s failure gives room for
each other, the burden of the family becomes lighter.
learning and improvement in your relationship.
Why is it important to have a firmer and gentler relationship in
Learn good communication. Good communication
the family?
promotes knowledge and understanding of the situation
in the family. Good communication uses “I” messages
expressing one'srelationship
A good family concerns and feelings,
creates not blaming
a transformative and
society
condemning others.happens in the family impacts the society.
because whatever
When the family has a firmer and gentler relationship, it
becomes failures.
Accept easier to reach
Nobodydreams
is and goals; it’s
perfect; easier tomakes
everyone have a
healthy and happy life. The family then becomes
mistakes. Acceptance of one’s failure gives room for fruitful in any
endeavor. With all these, the God of love, peace, and justice is
learning and improvement in your relationship.
honored.
LESSON 26
 Factors Influence
Career Planning and
Decision Making
Interest are areas that provide
enjoyment and learning which
result to a feeling of reward to
an individual
Skills are talents or abilities that
can be leaned or acquired
through training or day to day
experience.
Values are stable life goals that
people have. It is an individual
belief that are honed from
childhood and throughout his
life.
Personality is blended
characteristics that are
evidently displayed and are
important in expressing and
communicating.
Career paths are small tasks
that level to career goals.
Career is defined as what you do
for a living using your profession or
occupation that undergo education
or training to master knowledge
and expertise.
Career planning is wise decision-
making of steps and process for
continuous development of
learning of achieving his/her
professional and personal goal.
Here are some traits that are
needed in developing one’s career
in achieving life goal:
a. Self-concept is an individual’s
perception on different roles,
behavior and opportunities.
Career Development Self-Concept Theory
mentioned that every individual has different
personality traits, values, interest, needs and
abilities that influence different options in choosing
a career profession that fit your qualities and
interest which will eventually result to work
satisfaction.
Growth Stage – 0 – 14 yrs old
Exploration Stage- 15 – 24 yrs old
Establishment – 25 to 40 yrs old
Decline Stage – where an individual starts
to experience physical and mental
deterioration
b. Self-determination is when
person decides to act based on
intrinsic motivation.
c. Self-monitoring is the capability
of a person to watch over his/her
behavior and the relationship that
organized within his environment.
d. Proactive Personality is when
people have the capacity to take
actions without being told and use
thoughtful analysis to solve
problems.
e. Self-efficacy is the ability to
finish a task successfully within the
time frame.
g. Locus control people who have a high sense of
responsibility in controlling lives have High Internal
Locus. They believe that they can control their own
destiny while people with low external locus control
feel thins happen because of other people luck or by
powerful beings that may lead depression.
Factors that Influence
Career-planning and
Decision making
a. Parental Autonomy it is associated to
parental protection where sometimes
parents decide on what course their child
should take in college because of the
promising career waiting ahead.
b. Financial Hardship this is the major
problem of every Filipino family in
sending their children to school
particularly in college.
c. Change in family roles these are
children who are products of broken
family that result to even more problems.
d. School Location the proximity or
distance of the school from the home is
also a key factor.
e. Academic Performance these are
courses that have grade requirements
that serve as a basis of your career
preference.
f. Employment rate career choice may
also be influence by market on demand
on man power.
g. Herd Mentality sometimes,
adolescents are easily swayed by their
peers.
i. Self-sabotage is defined as losing self-
confidence and self-esteem.
LESSON 27
Career Options Based on Career
Development Concepts and
Personal Life Goals
  Science and Technology or
Engineering and Science Education
Program (ESEP)

 Special Program in Journalism

 Technology and Livelihood

Education
  Home Economics
o Foods and Food Service
o Beauty Care
o Clothing and Textile
o Home Management Business
o Health Care and Support Services
o Related Craft
  Industrial Arts
o Automotive Technology
o Civil Technology
o Drafting
o Electrical Technology
o Electronics
o Metal Works
o Handicraft
o Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning
(RAC
 Information and Communication
Technology (ICT)
o Photo Editing
o Desktop Publishing
o Webpage Design
o Programming
o Data Management
 Information and Communication
Technology (ICT)
o Photo Editing
o Desktop Publishing
o Webpage Design
o Programming
o Data Management
o Computer Assembly,
Maintenance and
Trouble Shooting
Agriculture and Fishery
o Plant Production
o Animal Production
o Fish Production
Special Program in Sports
o Athletics
o Arnis
o Badminton
o Basketball
o Baseball/Softball
o Chess
o Football
o Gymnastics
o Sepaktakraw
o Swimming
o Table Tennis
o Taekwondo
o Tennis
o Volleyball
 Special Program in the Arts
o Visual Arts
o Music (Vocal and
Instrumental)
o Media Arts
o Theater Arts
o Creative Writing
o Dance

 Special Program in Foreign

Language
The Education Department provides a wide array of career
options in order for the students to avoid career mismatch
and eventually unemployment. As reported by the
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), the January 2020
Labor Force Survey (LFS) reflected that the country’s
youth labor participation rate jumped from 35.9% in
January 2019 to 37.4% this year in the same period. There
is also a slight deduction from last year’s 14.2% to this
year’s 13.6% unemployment rate among youth.
Career Development Concepts:
 Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory
The Social Cognitive Theory of Albert Bandura
elaborates “self-efficacy,” an individual’s
characteristic where a person performs in a certain
level of work according to his/her confidence to
accomplish a task.
 Super’s Career Development Theory
Donald Super’s theory postulates that a person
undergoes several stages in career development.
Synthesizing into five, Super outlines five
developmental stages that occur in the career
development of an individual.
 Growth (around 4 to 13)- children develop their wants,
capacities, behavior, socialization skills, and general view of the
world.

Exploration (14 to 24)- people try to “find” themselves in the

world through identifying their hobbies, groups, and experiences.
In this stage, they identify tentative choices until they reach their
permanent occupation.

Establishment (25-44)- individuals are set to their appropriate

positions but still strive for advancement
Maintenance (45-65)- people proceed to continual adjustments,
challenging themselves to explore to better grounds. They try to
update their competencies and innovate ways by which they can
approach their field of work.

Disengagement (over 65)- people start to disengage themselves

from the workforce; they concentrate on retirement planning
and retirement living.
 Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice
Proposed by John L. Holland, this theory emphasizes the
relationship between personality and the world of work.
Essentially, the Theory of Vocational Personalities in Work
Environment discusses that an individual looks for an
environment that is attached to his/her personality,
personal characteristics, and view of the world
Career Development Factors:
 Personal
Students’ personal preferences and
idiosyncrasies play as a vital factor in career
development. His/Her self-assessment
contributes to his/her career choice
hence personal decision making.
 Academic
Experiences in the educational platform also
serves as a factor in career development as
students’ competencies are challenged yet
honed in schools. Students create a huge sense
of evaluation within themselves by checking
and reviewing their academic performances.
 Familial
Since humans are social in nature and that people
are at times influenced by their surroundings,
leaning to a certain career path may be affected by
familial factors. Having that said so, some students
may anchor their decisions with the environment
where they grew up or where they are exposed to.
Other factors:
Students’ personal insights on their work values serve as a
factor in choosing a career path and achieving personal
goals. Work values are your principles and ideas that are
related to your career. These cover honesty, service, self-
respect, respect for others, peace, and success.
Besides, personality types are also factors to
consider in identifying career
options. One of the ways to identify your
personality is by using the E-N-F-P
Personality Type Code. These mean the
following
Extroversion- motivation comes from the outside and you are
fond of interactions.

Intuition- possibilities in the future are given heavy

considerations because you can sense evidences more than the
five senses can provide you.

Feeling- decisions are accounted for by consulting your feelings

and values.

Perceiving- planning is not considered because you take

spontaneity and flexibility as your strongest edge
 It is also important to take note of your interests when
identifying your career. Since it is difficult to thrive in a
workplace where you are not passionate about, you have
to ensure that your career choice is inclined to your
interests in order for the tasks to be lighter, to be
enjoyable at that.
Lastly, aptitudes are also a factor to take a look into in choosing a
career. Accurately identifying your aptitudes may give you wider
opportunities to fit yourself in your career choice. Since no shoes
fit all feet, you have to think and rethink whether your aptitude is
what your career choice requires or your career choice is
what your aptitude is suited to.
3 categories of Job Dissatisfaction:
1. Loss of motivation/lack of interest/frustration- an individual
may lose the zest and enthusiasm in working when he/she feels
that the career culture where he/she is into is not where she
should be.

2. Poor productivity/absenteeism- as a debilitating effect of

wrong career choice, a person may partially or totally waste time
and money as he/she may not want to perform in the career any
longer.
 3. High turnover rates- when a company has failed to
assess its employees and motivate them in such a way
that they would individually contribute for the growth of
the institution, employees resigning one by one may
eventually result to high turnover rates.
LESSON 28
Identifying Career Option Leading to
Attaining One’s Personal Goal
Career goals are a well-defined statement explaining
the profession that an individual intends to pursue
throughout his career. It is important for every
employee or job seeker to define their career goals
clearly. It helps them to come up
with practical action plans
 Career planning refers to the process of making
educational and career choices based on knowledge
of self and of the environment. The purpose of
career planning is to encourage individuals to
explore and gather information about various
educational and career opportunities thus enabling
them to develop realistic career goals
 The career planning process can be divided into four
stages. These stages include (1) self-assessment, (2)
knowledge of academic-career options,
(3) in-depth evaluation and goal setting, and (4) career
plan implementation.
 Self-assessment refers to an
individual’s ability to gather
information about his or her interests,
skills and abilities, values, and
personality type.
Finally, the last stage of the career planning process is career plan
implementation, which involves making an initial choice and
taking steps toward reaching career goals. The primary focus of
this stage is on job and educational preparation. Individuals at this
stage should make deliberate efforts to (1) apply to various
education and training programs, (2) gather information on
specific companies, (3) develop a job search strategy, (4) develop
resumes and cover letters, and (5) prepare for job interviews.
Make a Career Plan
 1. Knowing yourself
Assess yourself to know who you are and what you want.
It also means understanding your strengths and
weaknesses, your passions and fears, your desires and
dreams, your likes and dislikes, and your tolerances and
limitations. Knowing yourself means knowing your
purpose in life.
 2. Exploring your options
Discover careers to find what you really want.
Assess your skills and interest. Focus on what
you want to do and how to get there. Learn the
skills needed to pursue the career of your
dreams.
 3. Making Decisions
It is the process of making logical choices from the
available options by identifying a decision, gathering
information, and assessing alternative resolutions.

4. Moving On
It is more about learning to live and managing your career
to help yourself succeed