PES’s Modern College of Engineering, Shivajinagar, Pune-5.

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication

2022-2023
Vehicle to Vehicle Communication with Collision
Detection and Warning

1. Moksha Dharmesh Shah - B190313124

2. Saaril Shailesh Shah - B190313125
3. Nitish Ramtilak Kodkani - B190313071

Name of Guide
Mr Ramgopal Sahu
 PES’s Modern College of Engineering, Shivajinagar, Pune-5.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
2022-2023
Overview :
1. Introduction
2. Literature Survey
3. System Specifications
4. Block Diagram
5. Hardware Design
6. Flow Chart
7. Results
8. Applications
9. Future Modifications
10. References
11. Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

 In smart city, building a communication between the vehicles to create

a collision avoidance systems concentrates on advanced ideas such as
pre-crash sensing which would help to reduce the amount of accidents.
 Based on the signal received from the sensors, the microcontroller unit
sends a signal to the driver via a buzzer, LCD and passes the signal
through the Bluetooth module connection of vehicles.
 A collision avoidance system, also known as a pre-crash system,
forward collision warning system, or collision mitigating system, is an
automobile safety system designed to prevent or reduce the severity of
a collision.
 This V2V communication technology enables efficient coordination and
information sharing between cars, enabling safe lane changes. Vehicles can
proactively identify potential dangers and take the necessary precautions to
avoid crashes by constantly monitoring their surroundings and exchanging
pertinent data.
 OBJECTIVES
 To establish vehicle to vehicle communication.
 To detect the distance between 2 vehicles.
 To send warnings to drivers regarding threats of collision if any.
 To communicate control action between two vehicles
 LITERATURE SURVEY
Sr. Year Author Paper Name Methodology Advantages Limitations
no. Name Used

1. 2022 Nehad A Exchange traffic VANET Applications

Hameed Comprehensive and infotainment network helps and
Hussein, Survey on information to improve incorporation
Chong Tak Vehicular between road human safety sneed to be
Yaw, Siaw Networking: infrastructure against enhanced on
Paw Koh, Communication and vehicles, road collisions a higher
Sieh Kiong s, Applications, vehicular ad-hoc and optimizes level.
Tiong and Challenges, and networks road
Kok Hen Upcoming (VANETs) based transportation
Chong Research on wireless management.
Directions networks
2. 2021 Hamidreza 5G NR-V2X: Trajectory of Solves various Does not
Bagheri, Towards vehicles is issues related provide any
Md Noor- Connected and shared to to throughput, feedback
A-Rahim, Cooperative monitor the latency, mechanisms
Zilong Liu, Autonomous traffic and reliability, in the vehicle
Haeyoung Driving vehicle security, and to avoid
Lee, Dirk movements positioning. collisions.
Pesch, using 5G
Klaus technology
Moessner,
and Pei
Xiao
 LITERATURE SURVEY
Sr. Year Author Name Paper Name Methodology Advantages Limitations
no. Used
3. 2020 N. Deepa , M. Vehicle To The data’s are The system The
Hemavarthini Vehicle to stored in the measures the transmission
, S.Monisha , Communication ZIG-BEE to distance rate is low.
T.Monisha, Using Zigbee transmit. The covered The
G.Susithra data is fed from between the technology
the ZIG-BEE instant, the used in
to the Arduino brakes are Zigbee is of
which displays applied till low bit rate
in the output. the vehicle since it is
stops, designed for
moving at transmissions
variable of low rate of
speeds. data. 

4. 2019 Omkar Pawar, V2V Various keys Quick Scanning of

Nagnath Communication are used to response time keys
Bharade, Protocol send resulting in mechanism
Swapnali instructions to reduction of fails in heavy
Ombale, Prof. the other accidents. traffic area.
R. K. Moje vehicles in
proximity.
LEDs are used
for warnings.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
Sr. Year Author Paper Name Methodology Advantages Limitations
No Name Used

5. 2019 Rahul LiFi for Vehicle LiFi used for LiFi is Light cannot
George, to Vehicle communication almost 250i pass through
Communicatio of vehicles by times faster physical
n means of light than any barriers.
in order to other
avoid collision

6. 2019 Shagufta Vehicle to Vehicle Wireless Quick Scalability,

Ali Communication communication response latency
technologies like time throughput
4G-LTE, ZigBee,
resulting in and
Bluetooth, etc are
used with a focus reduction topological
on cellular range of accidents variations
communication
 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
 Microcontroller: Atmega328, Flash Memory: 32Kbytes[10000
write/erase cycles], SRAM: 64 KB, Clock Speed: 80 MHz .
 Liquid Crystal Display 16x2: Input voltage: 5V
 Ultrasonic Sensor: Input Voltage: 5V. Range: 2cm- 4m.
 DC Motor 12V, 100RPM
 L239D Motor Driver, Maximum Peak motor current: 1.2A
 Buzzer: Output sound 85dB, Rated current 30A
 Bluetooth Module: HC05, Sensitivity: -80 dBm, Range: approx. 10
meters (or 33 feet) in open air, Frequency: 2.4 GHz ISM band.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
 HARDWARE DESIGN

Vehicle to Vehicle Communication

FLOWCHART
 RESULTS

• There are various cases in the result of the project. The initial
display on the LCD will show “N” since the vehicles will not
be connected initially. Once the connection is established, “B”
will be displayed. The LCD will also showcase the distance
between the rear and front vehicles.
• When the distance between two vehicles will be less than
30cm, the buzzer will start beeping meaning to send an alarm
to the drivers to take the necessary action.
• There are two parameters displayed on the LCD named MD
and OD meaning my distance and other distance respectively.
The MD for the left vehicle (refer the figure below) is the
distance between the two vehicles which is also the OD for the
right vehicle. The OD for left vehicle will be the MD from the
right vehicle. These distances are transmitted using the
Bluetooth modules.
 APPLICATIONS

• In smart city, the system can be implemented for automating

vehicles.
• Enables collision avoidance using real time information based on
distance.
• Allows vehicles to communicate with each other and maintain safe
distances and synchronous speeds.
• Provides intersection safety which in turn helps to avoid accidents.
• Facilitates emergency vehicle warning regarding presence of
emergency vehicles like ambulances, fire brigades, etc.
• Optimize traffic flow and congestion.
 FUTURE MODIFICATIONS

 For smart city, GSM Module can be added to the system so that if
driver detects some bad road condition or problem, a warning
message can be transmitted to other vehicles to generate speed
recommendation or figure alternate route and this gets displayed on
the LCD screen.
 The entire system can be connected to a cloud database to prove
more accurate real time information regarding roads and traffic.
 Cameras can be added to the system to automate the vehicle using
artificial intelligence and machine learning.
 REFERENCES

[1] Nehad Hameed Hussein, Chong Tak Yaw, Siaw Paw Koh,Sieh
Kiong Tiong and Kok Hen Chong, “A Comprehensive Survey on
Vehicular Networking: Communications, Applications,Challenges,
and Upcoming Research Directions”, Access IEEE volume 10,
DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3198656, 2022
[2] Hamidreza Bagheri, Md Noor-A-Rahim, Zilong Liu, Haeyoung
Lee, Dirk Pesch, Klaus Moessner, and Pei Xiao, “5G NR-V2X:
Towards Connected and Cooperative Autonomous Driving”, IEEE
volume 5 issue 1, DOI: 10.1109/MCOMSTD.001.2000069, 2021
[3] N.Deepa , M.Hemavarthini , S.Monisha , T.Monisha and
G.Susithra, “Vehicle To Vehicle Communication Using Zigbee”
International Journal of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering
and Technology (IJARTET) Vol. 7, Issue 8, August 2020.
[4] Omkar Pawar, Nagnath Bharade, Swapnali Ombale, Prof. R. K.
Moje, “V2V Communication Protocol”, IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-
4396, volume 5 issue 2, 2019.
 REFERENCES

[5] Rahul George, Srikumar Vaidyanathan, Amandeep Singh Rajput , K

Deepa, “International conference on recent trends in advanced
computing 2019”, ICRTAC .
[6] Shagufta Ali, “Vehicle to Vehicle Communication”, Technische
Universitat Dortmund, DOI: 10.13140/RJ.2.2.24951.88487, 2019.
Other links:
1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022437522001384?v
ia%3Dihub
 
2. https://www.igi-global.com/article/assessment-of-pedestrian-to-vehicle
-communication-pre-
crash-safety-warnings-to-avoid-collisions/321637
3. https://www.nhtsa.gov/technology-innovation/vehicle-vehicle-commu
nication
4. https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s1363
8-022-02192-6
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7068630/
6. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330385278_Vehicle_to_Vehi
 CONCLUSION

Currently, the existing systems provide a limited service which sends

warnings to drivers only. Our proposed system passes this stage and
provides an advanced solution which includes automation. The next
generation V2V system has been kept in while making our project.
Vehicle to vehicle communication systems can save lives and enhance
driving efficiency, which can generate massive improvements in
lowering accidents. This system will have a major effect in cities
across the globe. The system may also be useful in minimizing road
congestion which will also contribute towards a better travelling
experience.