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Arus Bolak Balik Bagian 2
Arus Bolak Balik Bagian 2
Arus Bolak Balik Bagian 2
v =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
yang mempunyai persamaan:
𝑉 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
v =NBA ωsin 𝜔 𝑡 𝑖= =
𝑅 𝑅
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =NBA ω
𝑖=𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
arus dan tegangan sefase
Phasor diagram 𝑑𝑖
𝑉 𝐿 =𝐿
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑖
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡= 𝐿
𝑑𝑡
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑖=∫ 𝐿 sin 𝜔 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
−𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑖= cos 𝜔 𝑡
𝜔𝐿
( )
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝜋
𝑖= sin 𝜔 𝑡 −
𝜔𝐿 2
Rangkaian Induktor
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 (
𝑖=𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 −
𝜋
2 )
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝜔𝐿
Reaktansi induktif
𝑋 𝐿 =𝜔 𝐿
Phasor diagram
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
(
𝑖=𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 −
𝜋
2 )
𝜋
arus ketinggalan sebesar terhadap tegangan
2
Graphs of current and voltage versus time
Rangkaian Kapasitor
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
𝑞=CV
𝑞=C 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 (
𝑖=𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 +
𝜋
2 )
𝑑𝑞 𝜋
𝑖= =𝜔 𝐶 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 cos 𝜔 𝑡 T egangan ketinggalan sebesar terhadap arus
𝑑𝑡 2
(
𝑖= 𝜔 𝐶 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 +
𝜋
2 ) Graphs of current and voltage versus time
( )
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝜋
𝑖= sin 𝜔 𝑡 +
1 2
𝜔𝐶
(
𝑖=𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 +
𝜋
2 )
Reaktansi Kapasitif (XL)
1
= 𝑋𝐶
𝜔𝐶
Phasor diagram
Impedansi (Z)
√
𝑍 = 𝑅2 + ( 𝑋 𝐿 − 𝑋 𝐶 )
2
Phasor diagram
Rangakaian bersifat induktif (XL > XC)
𝑋𝐿
𝑋𝐿− 𝑋𝑐
Rangkaian Seri RLC ∅
𝑅
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
𝑋𝑐
𝑋𝐿− 𝑋𝐶
tan ∅=
𝑅
Rangakaian bersifat induktif (XC > XL) 1
𝜔 𝐿=
𝜔𝐶
2 1
𝜔=
𝐿𝐶
𝑋𝐿
𝑅
𝑋𝑐
∅ 𝑋𝐿− 𝑋𝑐 𝜔=
1
𝐿𝐶 √
𝑋𝐿− 𝑋𝐶
Bernilai negatif
2𝜋 𝑓=
√
1
𝐿𝐶
√
tan ∅=
𝑅 1 1
𝑓=
Rangakaian bersifat Resistif (XC = XL) 2 𝜋 𝐿𝐶
frekuensi resonansi
Resonansi
𝑋 𝐿= 𝑋 𝐶 𝑍 =𝑅 Arus maksimum
Minimum
𝑉 =𝑖 𝑍 Arus Searah (DC)
𝑃=𝑖 2𝑒𝑓 𝑅
√ 2
𝑉 =𝑖 𝑅 + ( 𝑋 𝐿 − 𝑋 𝐶 )
2
W 2
=𝑖𝑒𝑓 𝑅 t=T
√ 2 2 2
𝑉 = 𝑖 𝑅 +𝑖 ( 𝑋 𝐿 − 𝑋 𝐶 )
2 t
𝑊 =𝑖2𝑒𝑓 𝑅 𝑇
√
V= 𝑉 +(𝑉 −𝑉 𝑅
2 2
𝐿
2
𝐶 )
Arus Bolak-Balik (AC)
Arus Efektif 𝑖=𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
Adalah arus searah yangmenimbulkan panas
sama besar dengan yang ditimbulkan arus 𝑃=𝑖 2 𝑅
bolak-balik dalam satu periode (t = T) 2
𝑃=( 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 ) 𝑅
𝑑𝑊 2
=( 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 ) 𝑅
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑊 2 2
=𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin (𝜔 𝑡) 𝑅
𝑑𝑡
2
𝑊 =∫ 𝑖
𝑇
2 2
sin (𝜔𝑡) 𝑅 𝑑𝑡
𝑊 =𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑅¿
𝑚𝑎𝑥
0 1 2
𝑇
𝑊= 𝑖 𝑅𝑇
2 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑊 =𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑅 ∫ sin (𝜔𝑡)𝑑𝑡
2 2
2 1 2
𝑖𝑒𝑓 𝑅𝑇 = 𝑖 𝑅𝑇
0 2 𝑚𝑎𝑥
[ ]
𝑇 1 2
1 1 2
𝑅∫
2 𝑖 = 𝑖
𝑊 =𝑖 − cos(2𝜔𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 𝑒𝑓
2 𝑚𝑎𝑥
√
𝑚𝑎𝑥
2 2
0
1 2
2 𝑖𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 𝑖
𝑊 =𝑖 𝑅¿¿ 2 𝑚𝑎𝑥
√
𝑚𝑎𝑥 1
𝑖𝑒𝑓𝑓 =𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥
2 2
𝑊 =𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑅¿
2 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑊 =𝑖 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑅¿ 𝑖𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
√2
𝑉 𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
√2
Daya Rangkaian AC
Example
tan ∅=
4
3
𝑍 =√ 300 + ( 600 − 200 )
2 2
𝑉 𝐿 =𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑋 𝐶
𝑍 =√ 3002 + ( 400 )
2
𝑉 𝐿 =0,1 × 600=60 volt
𝒁 =𝟓𝟎𝟎𝛀 𝑉 𝐶 =0,1 ×200=20 volt
𝑖𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
𝜀𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝑍
=
240
161,59
=1,49 𝐴 𝑓=
1 1
√
2 𝜋 𝐿𝐶
d. Daya yang hilang dalam resistor
Rangkaian RL paralel (
𝑖2= 𝐼 2 sin 𝜔 𝑡 −
𝜋
2 )
I I3
I1
𝐼1
𝐼2
I
I
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
( ) ( )( )
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2 2 2
𝐼1 = 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑅 = +
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐿
𝐼 3=
𝑋𝐿 1 1 1
2
= 2
+ 2
𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐿
Rangkaian RC paralel
I I3
I1 𝐼3
I
𝐼1
)( )√(
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2
= +
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐶
I=
𝑍
( ) ( )( )
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2
𝐼1 =
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = +
𝑅 𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐶
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐼 3=
𝑋𝐶
1 1 1
𝑖1=𝐼 1 sin 𝜔 𝑡 2
= 2+ 2
𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐶
(
𝑖3 = 𝐼 3 sin 𝜔 𝑡 +
𝜋
2 )
Rangkaian LC paralel
I I3 𝐼3
I2 I
𝐼2
V =𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔 𝑡 I
I=
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑍 𝑍 𝑋𝐶
−
|
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
=
𝑋𝐿 |
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐼 2=
𝑉
𝐼 3= 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑋𝐿 1
=
1
|
−
𝑍 𝑋𝐶 𝑋𝐿
1
|
𝑋𝐶
(
𝑖2= 𝐼 2 sin 𝜔 𝑡 −
𝜋
2 )
(
𝑖3 = 𝐼 3 sin 𝜔 𝑡 +
𝜋
2 )
Rangkaian RLC paralel
I 𝐼3
I1 I2 I3 I
𝐼 3 − 𝐼2
𝐼2
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 I
I=
𝑍
√(
)( )
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐼1 = 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 2
𝑅 = + −
𝑉
𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐶 𝑋𝐿
𝐼 2= 𝑚𝑎𝑥
( ) ( )( )
2 2 2
𝑋𝐿 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥
= + −
𝐼 3=
𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐶 𝑋𝐿
𝑋𝐶
( )
2
1 1 1 1
𝑖1=𝐼 1 sin 𝜔 𝑡 = 2+ −
2
𝑍 𝑅 𝑋𝐶 𝑋 𝐿
(
𝑖2= 𝐼 2 sin 𝜔 𝑡 −
2)
𝜋
sin ( 𝜔 𝑡 +
2 ) TERIMA KASIH
𝜋
𝑖3 = 𝐼 3