The Quantiles

The Quantiles

 The Quantiles are a natural extension of the idea of the median in that they are values which divides the set of data into
equal parts.
 While the median divides the distribution into two (2) equal parts, the quantiles divide it into four (4), ten (10), or one
hundred (100) equal parts.
 The quantiles that divide the distribution into four equal parts are called quartiles. These values are denoted by Q1, Q2,
and Q3. Twenty – five percent fall below the first quartile (Q 1), 50% are below the second quartile (Q2), and 75% are less
than the third quartile (Q3).
 Those which divides the distribution into ten parts are called deciles. The data set has nine deciles which are denoted by
D1, D2, …, D9, where D is the number that divides the bottom 10 of the data from top 90 and so on.
 Those which divide the distribution into 100 equal parts are called percentile. A set of data has 99 percentiles which are
denoted by P1, P2, …, P99.
 Computation of the Quantiles for Ungrouped
Data
 To solve any quantile, follow the steps below:

1. Arrange the scores according to magnitude or array.

2. Use the following formula in computing Quantiles; Positions or Ranks

a.) Quartile: b. Decile: c. Percentile:

Qk = + Dk = Pk =
Where:
k = desired quantile
n = number of scores/data
 Example

 The following are the scores of 9 students in statistics quiz: 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25, 30, 33. solve for the value of Q 2,
D8, P15:
 n=9

Solutions:
Qk = + Dk = The value of D8 lies between the 7th and 8th scores
Q2 = + D8 = Therefore, D8 = 25 + 0.4(30 – 25)
= D8 = D8 = 25 + 2
= 4.5 + 0.5 D8 = 7.2 D8 = 27
Q2 = 5th score D8 = 7.4th score
Q2 = 19
 Pk =
P15 =
P15 =
P15 = 1.35 + 0.85
P15 = 2.2th

The value of P15 lies between 2nd and 3rd scores, therefore:

P15 = 15 + 0.2(16 – 15)

= 15 + 0.2(1)
= 15 + 0.2
P15 = 15.2
Activity #1:

Using the same scores in the example,

solve the following Quantiles: Q3, D4, P12,
and P65. Show your complete solution.
12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25, 30 and 33
 Computation of Quantiles for Grouped Data

 Computation of the quantiles for grouped data is the same as the computation of the
median.

For Quartile: For Decile: For Percentile:

Qk = LB + C Dk = LB + C Pk = LB + C
Computation of Q1, D3, and P60

Class Interval f cf<

61 – 63 2 2
64 – 66 5 7
67 – 69 12 19
70 – 72 15 34
73 – 75 8 42
76 – 78 5 47
79 - 81 3 50
n =50
 a.) Computation of Q1

In the table, n = 50. To identify the class quartile, solve for

=
Solution:
Q1 class = 67 – 69 Q1 = L B + C
LB = 66.5 = 66.5 +
C=3 = 66.5 + 1.375
Cfp = 7 Q1 = 67. 88 inches
fq = 12
 b.) Computation of D3

To Identify the Decile class, solve for = = = 15.

D3 class is 67 – 69 Solution:
LB = 66.5 Dk = LB + C Therefore, 30%
cfp = 7 D3 = 66.5 + of the data lies
fd = 12 D3 = 66.5 + 2 68.5 inches and
C=3 D3 = 68.5 below.
 c.) Computation of P60

To identify the Percentile class, solve for = = = 30

P60 class is 70 – 72 Solution:
LB = 69.5 Pk = LB + C
cfp = 19 P60 = 69.5 +
fp = 15 P60 = 69.5 + 2.2
C=3 P60 = 71.7 inches

Therefore, 60% of the data belongs to 71.7 and below.

 Activity #2

Using the same data in the example, solve the

following Quantiles: Q2, D9, and P35.

Note* (Please answer the activities in a 1 whole sheet of paper.)