Welcome to

Science Class!
By Teacher Kat
 Competency
Distinguish mixtures and substances
based on a set of properties. (S7MT -I
e-f -4)
 R o
Observe silence!
Respect

T House C
Try and try! Rules Cooperate!
Pure Substances
and Mixtures
candies and chocolates
Properties
1 Solid

2 Liquid

3 Gas
Phases of Matter
Properties
homogeneous
homos - "same"
genos - "kind"
heterogeneous
heteros - "others"
genos - "kind"
Properties
Can we separate?

YES!
Properties

YES
Diabetes
and
Insulin
Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) is a chronic and potentially
life-threatening condition where the body loses its ability to
produce insulin, or begins to produce or use insulin less
efficiently, resulting in blood glucose levels that are too
high (hyperglycaemia).
Glucose is the fuel that feeds your body’s cells, but to enter
your cells it needs a key. Insulin is that key.
 Type 1
Type 1 diabetes develops when the cells of the pancreas stop producing
insulin. Without insulin, glucose cannot enter the cells of the muscles
for energy. Instead the glucose rises in the blood causing a person to
become extremely unwell. Type 1 diabetes is life threatening if insulin
is not replaced. People with type 1 diabetes need to inject insulin for
the rest of their lives.
 Type 2
Type 2 diabetes develops when the pancreas does not make
enough insulin and the insulin that is made does not work as
well as it should (also known as insulin resistance). As a result,
the glucose begins to rise above normal levels in the blood.
Half the people with type 2 diabetes do not know they have the
condition because they have no symptoms. In older people, symptoms can be severe.
 Insulin and Diabetes
Insulin is a hormone our body makes to keep our blood glucose
levels within the normal range. It is made by beta cells in the
pancreas. Insulin's main job is to move glucose from our
bloodstream into the body's cells to make energy. If you don’t
have enough insulin, the glucose builds up in your bloodstream
instead of providing energy for your body. 
Salt
Properties
1 Solid

2 Liquid

3 Gas
Phases of Matter
Properties
homogeneous
homos - "same"
genos - "kind"
Properties
Can we separate?

NO!
Properties

NO
Salt (NaCl)
Na - sodium
Cl - chlorine
 AHA and WHO
The body uses sodium to maintain fluid levels. A
balance of fluid and sodium is necessary for the
health of the heart, liver, and kidneys. It regulates
blood fluids and prevents low blood pressure.
 AHA and WHO
Recommended amount of sodium

1.5 grams - 2.3 grams

 excess sodium
Excess sodium intake has been linked to health problems,
such as osteoporosis, kidney disease, and hypertension, or
high blood pressure, which can lead to cardiovascular
disease and stroke.
 too little sodium
If sodium levels fall in the blood, this affects brain activity. The
person may feel sluggish and lethargic. They may experience
muscle twitches, followed by seizures, a loss of consciousness,
coma, and death. If sodium levels fall quickly, this may happen
very fast.
In older people, symptoms can be severe.
 Sodium content
of some food
• one egg: up to 140 mg
• 230 g of fresh milk: around 50 mg
• 200 g of plain yogurt: 40 mg
• 200 g of natural, low-fat yogurt: 76 mg
• 50 g of raw celery: 140 mg
• 60 g cooked spinach: 120 mg
A glass of candy and chocolates has ____________
phase/s which is/are ________, it is ____________ in
appearance because it appears
________________________, it _____________ be
separated by mechanical means. It is an example of a
_______________.
Salt has ____________ phase/s which is/are ________,
it is ____________ in appearance because it appears
________________________, it _____________ be
separated by mechanical means. It is an example of a
_______________.
What is a
Mixture?
Mixtures are materials consisting of two or
more kinds of substances physically
combined. The substances that are combined
retains its own properties and characteristics.
 What is a
Substance?
Pure substances are homogeneous and are
made of one particular kind of matter. They
are either classified as an element or a
compound.
Let's try this!
 + =

SAL WATER SALT

T SOLUTION
Properties

YES MIXTURE
YES MIXTURE
NO SUBSTANCE
Let's try this!
 + =

COFEE COFFEE
HOT WATER
POWDER SOLUTION
Properties

YES MIXTURE

YES MIXTURE

NO SUBSTANCE
 Unity
in
Diversity
Thank You!