CHAPTER 2

INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES

QWERTY layout
Ergonomic keyboards
Virtual Laser Projection Keyboard
Stephen Hawking Stephen Hawking video
Scanner based optical mark recognition (OMR)
• Concept keyboards enable fast data
entry, as there is no need to type in
whole commands.

• They are waterproof, which is useful in

a restaurant environment

• These keyboards are tamper proof and

so are useful in certain applications.
Numeric Keyboard
Mouse
 When you move your mouse:
• Your mouse shines a light down on the surface
• The light reflects off the surface
• The CMOS sensor captures the reflection
Optical vs laser mouse
Laser mouse
• Laser Mouse ( emit light signal by Laser )
• Laser can’t see by human eyes but it may be seen by camera .
• If you are pull it up away , the light source is still the same strong . It mean it can easily track on
any surface pretty much .
• It’s okay although your moving surface is glossy .

Optical mouse
• Optical Mouse ( emit light signal by LED)
• The Red Light Can be easily see by human eyes .
• If you are pull it up away , the red light can be the light source get weaker .
• Only suitable for non reflective source like mouse pad .
Check optical mouse or laser mouse
You can Check Optical or laser by Moving on a glass .
• if you’re using an optical mouse on a very glossy surface, like glass, the
LED could be reflected too much. If the reflection is too bright, then the
light pattern will be entirely washed out. The CMOS sensor won’t be able
to recognize any variations in the light pattern. That’s why optical mice
don’t work well on highly reflective surfaces. They’re much better suited
for a non-glossy surface, like a mousepad.

• You’re able to use a laser mouse on glossy surfaces. The second advantage
is that a laser provides the CMOS sensor with a more detailed reflection.
Touchpad

Virtual Laser projection Touchpad

Tracker Ball used for game sample

The world first tracker

ball was developed in
1952 and used In
bowling ball
USING ERGONOMIC KEYBOARD AND TRACKER BALL
 Difference between mouse and Tracker balls

Mouse
- It needs to shift position to move the pointer

Trackball
- No Movement of the device is required , only the ball needs to be
rotated .
Touch Screen

restaurant self service kiosks

Interactive white boards
Unmanned ticket collection kiosks
 Magnetic Stripe Reader

•  The strip can contain up to 60 characters, stored

magnetically.
• The stripe contains useful information, such as the account
number, sort code, expiry date and start date

EFTPOS (electronic funds

transfer point of sale)
 Advantages of Magnetic Stripe Readers Disadvantages of Magnetic Stripe Readers

Simple for people to use - little or no training Very limited storage capacity for data

Cards are inexpensive to produce Data can be easily destroyed by strong magnetic fields

Not always secure as thieves can obtain the readers and

Data on the cards can be altered if necessary
read the data on the card.

Security is improved by the use of PIN numbers to confirm

 
that the person is the rightful card owner
Smart Card
YPS CARD
Smart Card for Petrol Station
Certain oil companies use these cards: when a customer buys fuel at a filling station, the loyalty
card is swiped and ‘points’ are added to the card .
Super Markets want customer to use City Reward
card for knowing customer data or information of
what the customer want , their business survey .

City mart city reward ( loyalty card )

Door Access Card
 Chip and PIN readers

E-POS ( Mobile electronic point of sale )

Chip and PIN readers

EFTPOS (electronic funds

transfer point of sale)
Scanners Scan old printed photos easily with Google's
PhotoScan app

Non-digital photographs need to be scanned

if they are to be stored on computer
Barcode Reader create barcode website link1
qr code generator website link 2
Scanner based optical mark recognition (OMR)
They can also read shaded areas on lotto tickets

Optical Mark Reader automatically

inputting the answers given on a multiple
choice form
 Optical character recognition (OCR)

optical character recognition

Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR)

bank cheque
Camera
Film camera

Digital camera
Webcams
Microphone
https://youtu.be/iYhpbph4sLc
Sensors Digital temperature sensors

Soil moisture sensor

Sound sensors

ADC

Analog Signal
Pressure sensor to measure
water level

PH sensor to measure chemical reaction

Graphic Tablet https://youtu.be/pItyNxi6F_0
Life before the invention of AutoCAD, 1950-
1980 - Rare Historical Photos
Light pen

light pen youtude link

CRT (cathode ray tube )
monitor

TFT monitor(Thin Film Transistor ) monitor

 CRT monitor
It is a device which converts electrical signals
( electron beam ) into visual signals ( spot of light )
It is a device which converts electrical signals ( electron beam ) into visual signals ( spot of
light )
 Laser Printers
• Use a powder toner

Pros
• The print cartridge is much lower in costs
• High volume print area
• Produce high quality text documents

Cons
• High Startup Price
• The ability to print on different medias (It’s limited to
using paper only )
• Inability to print high quality color laser print
Ink Cartridge
Inkjet printers

• Use a liquid ink

Pros
• Initial cost
• The great quality of image
• Printing medium ( can print on as in paper,canvas and even vinyl

Cons
• Higher costs for ink ( the cost to replace the inkjet cartridge )
• Not design for high volume prints jobs ( low amount of pages can print at a time)
• Ink Cartridge dry up ( they are not using the ink cartridge everyday, they tend to dry up quickly )
 https://youtu.be/7PzQIaMWEXg

3D inkjet printer bbc news , creation 3D pre school

Dot matrix Printer
https://youtu.be/jgxrLMmyGhw
Plotter

The most common type of plotters

• Pen Plotter
• Electrostatic plotter
• Inkjet Plotter
Electrostatic plotter

pen plotter youtude link

Inkjet plotter
Life before the invention of AUTO CAD , 1950 -1980
Blue print
Line Drawing
 Analog Vs Digital Signal

Digital to analog Converter

E.g. Listening sounds from computer

Analog To Digital Conversion

E.g. Recording Sound to computer

DIGITAL VS ANALOG PROJECTOR
Virtual mouse = laser pointer
Control Devices
• Control device are output device which work together with sensors
 Analog Signal Digital Signal Analog Signal

ADC DAC

Process – Computer looks at the Output – The actuators switch

Input – burglar breaks light sensor
data and instructs an actuator to on the security light and the
and this data is sent to the computer
switch on the security light burglar is scared away
Actuator
Transducer control dc motor from laptop

Transducer is a device that converts one form of energy to another . It sense the
Physical quantity and then converts it into mechanical works or electrical signals .
 Piezoelectric transducer
It is generally used to detect the stick drummer impact in electronic

Piezoelectric transducer Electronic drum

Temperature transducer
Control Device and their used in