BIOCHEMISTRY

DNML 1173

ASSIGNMENT 2 ( GROUP PRESENTATION )

- HORMONE BIOCHEMISTRY -

GROUP MEMBERS : 1) DINESHWARAN A/L GOPAL PELLAI ( 201911030002 )

2) TAN KER YEE ( 201908030011 )
3) LOW ZHENG YEE ( 202005030019 )
4) MICHELLE NYAZIKA ( 202001030036 )

LECTURER : MR. T .NANTHAKUMAR

SUBMISSION DATE : 1 SEPTEMBER 2020

INTRODUCTION Hormone Biochemistry
There are three fundamentally different biochemical
classes of hormones.
Peptide Steroid Amine
Hormones Hormones Hormones
• Simply small • Small • Small
proteins hydrophobic molecules
composed of molecules which may
a linear made of or may not
amino acid several be
polymer. fused carbon hydrophobic.
rings.
• Hormone is an organic substance secreted by plants and animals
that functions in the regulation of physiological activities and
maintaining homeostasis.
• Hormones carry out their functions by evoking responses from
specific organs or tissues.
• Classical view of hormones is that they are transmitted to their
targets in the bloodstream after discharge is called endocrine
secretion.
• The meaning of the term hormone has been extended beyond
original definition of a blood brone secretion, however, to include
similar regulatory substances that are distributed by diffusion
across cell membranes instead of by a blood system.
Glands in Endocrine System
• Hypothalamus *The pancreas is part of the
• Pituitary endocrine system and the

• Thyroid digestive system.

• Parathyroids
• Adrenals
• Pineal body
• The Ovaries
• The Testes
Types of Hormones that produced by each gland.

GLAND HORMONE

Hypothelamus ADH, Oxytocin

Pituitary LH, FSH, prolactin, growth hormone,
thyroid stimulating (TSH), antidiuretic
(ADH), adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH)
Adrenal Cortisol, aldosterone
Pineal Melatonin
Thyroid Thyroid
Pancrease Insulin
Ovaries Oestrogen
Testes Testosterone
Adipose tissue Leptin
Kidneys Enthropoietin
Gut Glucagon
General Function of the Hormones.

• Hormones serve as messengers, controlling and coordinating

activities throughout the body.
• For instance, a hormone binds to a receptor when reaching a target
site.
• After that, it transmits a message that causes the target site to take
a specific.
• Hormones control the function of the entire organs, affecting such
diverse process as growth and development, reproduction, and
sexual characteristics.
Types of Hormones metabolism

• Insulin
- helps in keeping the blood sugar level from getting too high
• Thyroid Hormones
- regulate the basal metabolic rate (control weight,
determine energy level, internal body temperature.etc)

• Glucagon
- prevent blood glucose level dropping too low

• Growth Hormones
- control body growth
CONCLUSION

• These glands play a pivotal role in manipulating metabolism growth blood pressure child birth water
conservation through secreting hormones. Narrow range in the internal environment is maintained and
hormonal communication has pulled through many years.

• On the other hand, failure of producing those chemicals triggers health problems that calls for
attention, such as polyglandular disorders (the synthesis and secretion of peptide/protein hormone by
benign) which occur if hormone production is not monitored. Surgical removal or drug inducing is the
kind of treatment of such cases. As long as the glands are functioning well, so does metabolism in the
human body.
REFERENCES