2.

4 ISOMERS
AND NAMING
BASED ON
IUPAC
NURUL AHMAD

NOMENCLATUR
E PART 1
 At the end of this lesson, you
should be able to :

LEARNIN 1. Describe structural

G isomerism
OBJECTIV 2. Construct structure of
ES : isomers
3. Explain with examples the
uses of each homologous
series in daily life
 DEFINE STRUCTURAL
ISOMERISM
A phenomenon where a compound has the same molecular formula but with two or
more different structural formula Isomers are molecules
that have same
molecular formula but
different structural
Can occur in several ways : formulae

1. Chain isomerism - Isomers have different arrangements of carbon chains ;

either straight chain or branched chain.

2. Position isomerism – Isomers have different positions of functional group on

the same carbon chain
NAMING ISOMERS
 1. THE PREFIX
Prefix indicates the branch group which is alkyl group, with general formula that is
attached to the longest carbon chain.
2. ROOT NAME
- Shows the number of carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain.
3. SUFFIX
-Shows the homologous series
4. STEPS FOR WRITING
(BRANCHED ISOMER)
ALKANE
ALKENE
ALKYNE
ALCOHOL
ISOMERS FOR ALKANES
AKENES AND ALKYNES
ISOMERS FOR ALCOHOLS
1. Starts with a molecules that has 3 carbon atoms.
2. Consists of chain isomers and position isomers
~THE END OF
PART 1~