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T.S. Eliot 1888-1965

• Often seen as a successor to poet-critics such a John
Dryden Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Matthew
Arnold.
• 1848 Nobel Prize

—“Criticism is as inevitable as breathing.”

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Tradition and the Individual Talent 1919 TS Eliot

• First published in “The egoist magazine” in (1919)

• Compiled in “The sacred Wood: Essay on Poetry and Criticism” in
(1920)
• Divided into three parts:—
1. concept of tradition
2. theory of the impersonality
3. the nature of a conclusion
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Literary “Tradition” in Poetry

• English poets are judged on the personal, individual, remote from one another as
well as on their original basis - a wrong way of evaluation.
“Whereas if we approach a poet without this prejudice, we shall often find that not only the best, but the
most individual part of his work may be those in which the dead poets, his ancestors, assert their immortality
most vigorously.”

• Tradition as passive repetition is to be discouraged.

• A writer with the sense of tradition is fully conscious of his own generation when;
• (a) a recognition of the continuity of literature,
• (b) a critical judgment as to which of the writers of the past continue to be significant in the
present
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Literary “Tradition” in Poetry

• True value of a writer/poet exist not in the isolation of their work but
rather in comparing and contrasting their works with past.
• Tradition is not fixed and static - constantly changing, growing, and
becoming different from what it used to be.
• Emphasised the importance of history to writing and understanding
poetry.
• Historical sense involves a perception, “not only of the pastness of the
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Impersonality of Poetry

Impersonality
Absence of emotional attachment

• Emotion and passion must be depersonalised.

• Must as objective as a scientist
• Sense of tradition is only important and not the personality of a writer.
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The Analogy of the Catalyst

Process of poetic creation

2SO2(g)+O2(g)———2SO3(g)
Poet’s mind

Sulphur dioxide reacts with oxygen in the presence of platinum to give sulphur trioxide.
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Self-Sacrifice

• Art has nothing to do with the personal life of an artist but is merely the result of
a great ability which comes from deep study and comprehensive knowledge of
the past.
• Poetry is not a turning loose of emotion but in Escape from emotion it is
not the expression of personality but an Escape from personality.
• The Past should be altered by the present as much as the present is directed by
the past. And the poet who is aware of this will be aware of great difficulties and
responsibility.
• Dead poets are removed from us because we know so much more than they did.
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Hamlet and his Problems 1919

• First published the essay “Hamlet and His Problems” in Athenaeum—

Later collected in “The Sacred Wood” in 1920.
• Hamlet is an artistic failure
• In response, he coined two new terms:-
• Objective correlative
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Objective correlative

The Love Song of

J. Alfred Prufrock

“a set of objects, a situation, a chain of events” that constitute “that particular emotion, is described as Objective Correlative
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“In his essay on “The Metaphysical Poets” Eliot introduced

• Unification of sensibility
• Dissociation of sensibility
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“life is good when you are intelligent and educated.”
Ravish Ratnesh
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