ELECTRICITY

Electricity is the flow of

electrical power or
charge. Electricity is both a basic
part of nature and one of the most
w i d e l y u s e d f o r m s o f e n e rg y.
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
E l e c t r i c c i r c u i t , p a t h f o r t r a n s m i t t i n g   e l e c t r i c c u r r e n t. A n e l e c t r i c
circuit includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles  
c o n s t i t u t i n g  t h e c u r r e n t , s u c h a s a   b a t t e r y  o r a g e n e r a t o r ; d e v i c e s t h a t
u s e c u r r e n t , s u c h a s   l a m p s,   e l e c t r i c m o t o r s, o r   c o m p u t e r s; a n d t h e
connecting wires or transmission lines.
WHAT IS ELECTRIC
CURRENT?

 refers to the flow of electron (electricity) in an electrical

circuit, and to the amount of electricity flowing through
a circuit. It is measured in amperes (A). The larger the value
in amperes, the more electron (electricity) is flowing in the
circuit.
W H AT I S VO LTAG E ?

 Voltage describes the “pressure” that pushes electricity.

The amount of voltage is indicated by a unit known as the
volt (V), and higher voltages cause more electricity to flow
to an electronic device. 
W H AT I S R E S I S TA N C E ?

 Electrical resistance–is a force that counteracts the flow of

current. In this way, it serves as an indicator of how
difficult it is for current to flow. Resistance values are
expressed in ohms (Ω).
 It is the opposition of current, it serves as barrier for the
current to flow.
 OHMS LAW
Relationship between Current,
Voltage, and Resistance

V
V= VOLTAGE = VOLT
I R I= CURRENT = AMPERES
R= RESISTANCE = OHMS
Ohm's law states that the current through a
conductor between two points is directly
proportional to the voltage across the two
points.
 OHMS LAW

V Example (1): An electronic device has a resistance of

20 ohms and a current of 15 A. What is the voltage
across the device?

I R Given:
Voltage= ?
Resistance= 20 ohms
Current= 15 amperes

V​=IR

V=15×20

V=300V​
 OHMS LAW
Example (2): A 3V potential difference is applied across

V
a 6Ω resistor. What is the current that flows into the
resistor?

Given:
Voltage= 3 volts

I R Resistance= 6 ohms
Current= ?
Solution: Ohm's law states the potential difference across a
resistor is resistance times current so we get

V​=IR

I=V/R

I= 3/6

I= 0.5 A
 OHMS LAW
Example (3): A current of 0.2A passes through

V
a 1.4Ω resistor. What is the voltage across it?

I R
 OHMS LAW

Example (4): In the circuit shown below, how much

V current does the ammeter show?

I R
 OHMS LAW

In a circuit, the potential drop across the 10 kΩ -resistor

V is 100 V. What is the current through the resistor? 

I R
 OHMS LAW

Example (6): In the following circuits, find the

V unknowns. 

I R