University of Computer Studies

Chapter 2
Operators

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 Contents
 What is Operator?

 Arithmetic Operators

 Comparison Operators

 Logical Operators

 Bitwise Operators

 Assignment Operators

 Special Operators

 Conditional Operator ( ?: )

 Null – Coalescing Operator ( ?? )

 Operator Precedence
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 Operator

 Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

 Operators in C# are some special symbols that perform some action on operands.
operands

sum = a + b

operators

 There are two types of operators in C# : Unary operators and Binary operators.

 Unary operators act on single operand.

 Binary operators act on two operands (left-hand side and right-hand side operand of an operator). 3
 Operator
 C# includes the following categories of operators:

 Arithmetic operators

 Assignment operators

 Comparison operators

 Equality operators

 Logical operators

 Bitwise operators

 Member access operators

 Type-cast operators

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 Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic Operators
Table 1

Operator Meaning Example Result

++ Increment x++ (or) ++x x=x+1
-- Decrement x-- (or) -- x x = x-1
+ Addition 5+3 8
- Subtraction 6–1 5
* Multiplication 4*3 12
/ Division 21 / 5 4.2
% Modulus 21 % 5 1
+ Unary plus +x x = +x
- Negation -x x = -x
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 Comparison Operators
Comparison Operators
Table 2

Operator Meaning Example Result

<  Less than x< y true if x is less than y

<= Less than or equal to x<=y true if x is less than or equals to y

>  Greater than x>y true if x is greater than y

>= Greater than or equal to x >= y true if x is greater than or equals to y

== Equals x == y true if x equals to y

!= Not Equals x != y true if x does not equal to y

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 Logical Operators
Logical Operators
Table 3

Operator Meaning Example Result

! Not (Negation) !A true if A is false

& AND A& B true if both A and B are true

| OR A| B true if A or B ( or ) both are true

^ Xor (Exclusive Or) A^B true if A is true or B is true but both are
no true

&& AND A && B true if both A and B are true

|| OR A || B true if A or B ( or ) both are true

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 Bitwise Operators

Bitwise Operators
Table 4

Operator Meaning
& bitwise logical AND
| bitwise logical OR
^ bitwise logical Xor
~ one’s complement
<<  shift left
>>  shift right

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 Assignment Operators
Assignment Operators
Table 5

Operator Example
= a=b
+= a += b
-= a-= b
*= a*= b
/= a/=b
%= a%=b
<<= a<<= 3
>>= a>>= 3
&= a &=b
|= a |= b
^= a ^=b

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 Logical Operators
Special Operators
Table 6

Operator Meaning

is relational operator

as Relational operator

typeof type operator

sizeof size operator

new object creator

. (dot) member access operator

checked overflow checking

unchecked Prevention of overflow checking

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 Conditional Operator ( ?: )

 a decision-making operator “ ?: ”
 Also called conditional operator or ternary operator
 short form of the if else conditions
Syntax:

(condition)? statement 1 : statement 2

Example:
int x = 20, y = 10;
string result = ( x > y )? “x is greater than y” : “x is less than y” ;

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 Null – Coalescing Operator ( ?? )

 used with the nullable value types and reference types

 If the value of the first operand is null, then the operator returns the value of the second operand, otherwise, it returns the value
of the first operand.

Example:
int? num1 = null;
num2 = num1 ?? 30;

int num3 = 50;

int num5 = 100
num4 = num3 ?? num5;

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 Operator Precedence
Table 7
Operator Description * Multiplication == Equals
() Grouping / Division != Not Equal
(parentheses)
% Modulus & Logical AND
x++ Post-increment
+ Concatenation ^ Logical Xor
x-- Post-decrement | Logical OR
+ Addition
+ Unary Plus && Conditional AND
- Subtraction
- Numeric negation || Conditional OR
<<  Left shift
! Logical negation ?? Null-Coalescing
>>  Right shift
?: Conditional
~ Bitwise negation >  Less than
= Assignment
++x Pre-increment <  Greater than operators
+=
--x Pre-decrement >= Less than or equal to
-=
(T) Casting <= Greater than or equal
…..
is to
Example: Inherits from
result = (a + b) * c / d; 13
Thank You

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