VOR

VHF Omnidirectional Range

 VOR

VOR stands for

VHF Omnidirectional Range.

A VOR is a radio beacon that transmits a

signal that represents the 360º of the
compass.
VOR Ground Station

Above is a VORTAC station.

VORTAC stands for VOR + TACAN.
TACAN Stands for Tactical Air Navigation and it includes DME.
DME is Distance Measuring Equipment, and it’ll tell you how far
your are from the station.
The “counterpoise” is the base of the station and provides
grounding of the station.
 VOR Service Coverage
VOR broadcasts from
108.000-117.950 MHZ.
It’s operational service
volume is up to 130 NM
from the station (upper
right).
There are 3 types of
VOR stations (lower
right).
AFD Airport / Facility Directory
AIP Thailand
AIP Thailand
VOR Navigation Textbook page 63
 VOR Indicator
Here is a VOR Indicator used in
General Aviation.

The VOR course is selected by

turning the OBS (Omni Bearing
Selector) knob to the desired
course.

The Course Deviation Indicator

(CDI) displays steering
commands.

Textbook page 63
 Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)
Here is an HSI.

The compass card is slaved to the

compass system and shows the
aircraft’s heading automatically.

The course is selected by a knob

located elsewhere and is
displayed by digitally in the upper
right corner and by the course
needle, here it is 20°.

The deviation bar shows that we

are off course to the right.
Textbook page 64
 Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI)
The RMI displays both VOR
and ADF (automatic direction
finder) information.
The compass card is slaved
to the compass system.

Textbook page 64
Nav Control-Display

Textbook page 65
Interpreting VOR Indications
Interpreting VOR Indications
VOR Tracking
Intercepting VOR Course
(RNAV) Area Navigation
Since the VOR’s have a relatively short range, using them
to navigate would cause “doglegs”, flying a “connect-the-
dots” path.
RNAV, or area navigation solves this problem by referencing
VOR stations and computing a straight-line path.