Some Stuff

About Storage
& Memory
By Shaun Chihope
Agenda
What is RAM & ROM

Difference between RAM & ROM

Other types of RAM & ROM

Other types of Memory

What’s Addresses and Location

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Introduction • Storage is used to keep data and programs indefinitely.
There are two categories of storage which are the main
store/primary memory and the backing store/secondary
memory and these are also divided into their own
categories

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TOPIC ONE

WHAT IS RAM
This is volatile main memory .
This means that once the computer
is switched off, the data and
instructions held in RAM are lost.
RAM is given the term “random
access” because data can be stored
and accessed from any location
within the memory.

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WHAT IS ROM

ROM is a type of computer

storage containing ,non-
volatile permanent data that,
normally, can only be read,
not written to. ROM
contains the programming
that allows a computer to
start up or regenerate each
time it is turned on.

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Difference Between RAM(Random Access Memory) and
ROM(Read Only Memory)
RAM(Random Access Memory)
RAM is expensive when compared to ROM
The speed of RAM is higher when compared to ROM
RAM has a higher capacity when compared to ROM
Data in RAM can be modified, erased or read
Data stored in RAM is used by the CPU to process
current instructions
Data of RAM is very volatile, it will exist as long as there
is no interruptions in power
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ROM(Read Only Memory)
ROM is cheaper when to RAM
The speed of ROM is slower when compared to RAM
ROM has a lower capacity when compared to RAM
Data in ROM can only be read, it cannot be modified or
erased
Data stored in ROM is used to bootstrap the computer
Data present in ROM isn’t volatile, it is permanent. Data
will remain unchanged even if when there’s a disruption
in the power supply
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 Topic Three
Other Types of RAM
SRAM (Static Random Access
Memory)

SRAM is a type of memory, which

uses multiple transistors, usually
around four to six. There is no
capacitor (they act like batteries,
they store electrical energy) in
each cell and SRAM is used for
caching.

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DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)

The memory cells in this type of

memory are paired with a transistor
and a capacitor requiring constant
refreshing.
Though it is more complicated than
SRAM due to its complicated circuitry
and timing requirements. The
advantage of using DRAM is because
of its memory cell structural
simplicity. These units only require
one capacitor and transistor per bit,
compared to SRAM which requires 4-
6. This makes DRAM less costly per
bit

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 VRAM (Video Random Access Memory)
This type of memory also known as “Multiport
Dynamic Random Access Memory” (MPDRAM),
is specially used for 3-D accelerators or video
adapters.

The reason why it is also called “multiport” is

that VRAM has two independent access ports
instead of one. This allows the graphics
processor and the CPU to access the memory
unit simultaneously.

Resolution and colour depth is determined by

the VRAM specifications on a device,
furthermore, VRAM also holds graphic specific
information like 3-D cemetery data and
texture maps.

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Other Types Of ROM(Read Only Memory)

• MROM(Masked Read Only Memory)

•  It is a read only memory chip that is programmed

(data is stored in it) during its manufacturing.
MROMs were the first ROMs to be developed and
were hard wired, contain a pre-programmed set of
instructions or data. During the design phase in the
manufacturing process of a MROM, a software
mask is burned directly onto the chip.

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 Programmable Read Only Memory(PROM)
• PROMs are also called as PLD, as they are used in
logic designs. It's a device that includes both
the OR plane as well as the AND plane within a
single IC package. AND plane is fixed and OR
plane is programmable. A plane is a sequence of
gates such as AND, OR, etc as shown in the
diagram above. it is also known as an array.

• The AND array (AND plane) of a PROM acts as a

decoder. It will decode the data from the address
lines. The circuits in a PROM can be designed and
modified easily and fast.

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 Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory(EPROM)

 An EPROM can be

reprogrammed if required by
exposing it to ultraviolet light. But
otherwise, an EPROM does not
save or accept any new data.
EPROM is used by hardware
manufacturers when it is required
that the data stored in the ROM be
changed. A distinguishing feature
of EPROM chips is a small quartz
crystal circle window exposing the
chip so that it could be
reprogrammed.

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Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory(EEPROM)
It is non-volatile in nature and is
used for storing small amounts of
data in computer systems or some
other electronic devices. In an
EEPROM, write and erase
operations are performed one byte
at a time In an EEPROM an
individual byte of data could be
erased and reprogrammed entirety,
by application of electrical
potential.

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What are Addresses and Location
A D D RES S E S
A no. used to identify a computer or a
network of computers. There are four
different types of IP addresses: public,
private, static, and dynamic. While the
public and private are indicative of the
location of the network—private being used
inside a network while the public is used
outside of a network—static and dynamic
indicate permanency.
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L O C AT I O N
• Any place in computer memory in
which an item of data – usually a word
or byte – can be stored in binary form.
Each location can be identified by an 
address, allowing items of data to be
stored there or retrieved from there.
The terms location and address are
thus used interchangeably.
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Summary Storage is important…well what did you expect
me to write?. Anyway, I’s be done.

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Thank You
Presenter name: Lt Shaun Chihope

Email address: None of your business

Website address: I don’t have one so stop

bugging me

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