What is

Administration?
Administration refers to actions which are
concerned with coordinating and managing an
organization. There is also administration of
government, charities, and many her forms of
organizations.
Basic functions
of
Administration 01 Planning

02 Organizing

03 Directing

04 Controlling
Principles of Administration
(Henri Fayol) • Hierarchical
transmission of
• Planning
orders

• Separation of
powers, authority,
• Organizing subordination,
responsibility and
control
Unity of commands
 Principles of Administration
(Henri Fayol)
• Centralization
• Meetings and reports

• Discipline and Order • Accoaunting

 Difference between
Administration and Management
Administration Management
• Is an act of administering the whole organization by a group of people
• Is a systematic way of managing people and things within the organization
• Administration is a high-level activity.
• Is a systematic way of managing people and things within the organization • Is an activity of business and functional level

• Is an activity of business and functional level • Focuses on policy implementation

• Administration takes all the important decisions of the organization • Functions of management are executive and governing

• Administration role is decisive in nature • Management makes decisions under the boundaries set by the administration
• Administration is concerned with framing policies and setting objectives
• Management plays an executive role in the organization.
• Administrator is responsible for the administration of the organization
• Management is all about plans and actions
• Administration focuses on making the best possible utilization of the organization's
resources. • The manager looks after the management of the organization

• Management focuses on managing people and their work.

 What is an administrator?

• An administrator is a person who make sure an

organization is running at full capacity. they
particularly depend on the form of the company,
organization, agency they operate in. an administrator
may someone assigned an organization for its airs.
ADMINISTRATOR AS AN ORGANIZER?

Administrators formulate short and long-term

strategies that set specific priorities and objectives. To
it another way, they strive to get the organization here
it needs to go. To ensure that these plans work, planner
must above all understand how, where, and how of a
program as a whole. The function of the administrators
are essential to the organization they operate.
Clerical Level Administrator
An administrator may be someone in charge of the
smooth and effective operation of a single office. Their
responsibilities include handling all the paper work
and will typically report inside the office to all
individuals. Their role is likely top depend upon what
the duties of their other colleagues are.

In addition, they are responsible for all of the

outgoing post. They are also going to plan and arrange
filling for a court.
What makes a good administrator?
To be a good administrator, a person must be:
• deadline-driven and possess a high level of
organization
• Capable of balancing multiple tasks simultaneously
and delegate when appropriate.
• Capable of planning and have the ability to think
strategically
• An excellent communicator, both in person or in
writing.
• Always looking for opportunities to improve
productivity in the organization.
SKILLS OF AN EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATOR

Good administrators are widely recognized for

their selection and training. But there is little
agreement among executives or educators on
what makes a good administrator. An
administrator is one who directs the activities of
other persons and undertakes the responsibility
for achieving certain objectives through these
efforts. This is not based on what good
executives are but on what they do.
 THREE BASIC
DEVELOPABLE SKILLS OF
ADMINISTRATORS
Successful administration appears to rest on three basic skills, which we will call technical, human
and conceptual. Asserting that these skills are not interrelated may be impractical, but there may be
real value in analyzing each person's work separately and improving them independently.

TECHNICAL SKILL
Technical skills require an understanding and expertise
of a particular form of operation. It requires advanced
expertise, analytical skill within that field, and facility in
the use of the particular discipline's methods and
techniques. Most of our on - the job and vocational
training programs focus largely on developing this
specialized technical skill.
HUMAN SKILL
Human skill is the ability of the executive to function
efficiently as a member of the community and create
cooperative effort within the team he leads. This ability
is reflected in the manner in which the person perceives
and understands the views of his superiors, equals and
subordinates. To be successful, this ability must be
established naturally and demonstrated unconsciously,
as well as consistently.
 CONCEPTUAL SKILL
An administrator's conceptual competence is the
ability to see an organization as a whole. It
includes understanding how the organization's
different functions depend on one another, and
how all of them are influenced by one another.
The effectiveness of any decision depends on the
analytical ability of those who bring it into effect.
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF
TECHNICAL, HUMAN AND
CONCEPTUAL SKILLS
• We may recognize that analytical ability
represents understanding of the organization's
technological as well as human aspects in a
very real sense.
 At Lower Levels

• When the administrator ventures farther away from the

actual physical activity, this need for technological
expertise is less important, given that he has professional
subordinates and can help them solve their own
problems.

• At the top, technological abilities may be almost non-

existent, and if his interpersonal and analytical abilities
are highly established the executive will still be able to
work effectively.
 At Every Levels
• Human skill, the skill to collaborate with
others, is important for successful
management at all levels. A current research
study has shown that human capacity the
supervisory level is of greatest importance,
finding out that the supervisor's chief role as
an administrator is to attain the cooperation of
people in the working group.
 At the Top Level
• As demonstrated in the preceding article,
analytical capacity is increasingly important in
more accountable executive roles where its
effects are maximized and easiest to observe.
Nevertheless, recent research results lead to
the conclusion that this analytical capacity is
the most essential attribute of all at the highest
level of administration.
 Developing the
Skills

This approach indicates that executives should

not be recruited on the basis of their apparent
possession of a variety of habits, attributes or
personalities, but on the basis of possessing the
necessary skills for the particular degree of
responsibility involved..
 Technical Skill
Creation of technical skills has been attracting
tremendous attention from industry and
educational institutions for many years, and
much progress has been made. Strong grounding
in the individual specialty's values, systems, and
procedures, combined with real practice and
experience through which an person is
supervised and encouraged by a superior,
appears to be most successful.
 Technical Skill
Creation of technical skills has been attracting
tremendous attention from industry and
educational institutions for many years, and
much progress has been made. Strong grounding
in the individual specialty's values, systems, and
procedures, combined with real practice and
experience through which an person is
supervised and encouraged by a superior,
appears to be most successful.
 Human Skills
Nevertheless, human ability was much less known and
systematic progress has only recently been made in
improving it. Today through organizations and experts are
following several different approaches to the development of
human skills.
To be effective, he must develop his own personal point of
view toward human activity, so that he will:

• recognized the feelings and sentiments which he brings to

a situation;
• have an attitude about his own experiences which will
enable him to re-evaluate and learn from them;
• develop ability in understanding what others by their
actions and words are trying to communicate to him; and
• develop ability in successfully communicating his ideas
and attitudes to others.
 Conceptual Skills
Conceptual ability was not generally understood, as was
human abilities. A variety of methods have been attempted,
with varying results, to help improve this skill.
 What is Administrative
challenges
Administrative professionals are the organization leaders
who keep operations running smoothly. Therefore, losing a
member of the administrative staff or witnessing unexpected
changes in workload will pose tough administrative
challenges.
 HOW TO HANDLE TYPICAL
CHALLENGES ADMINISTRATIVE
1. Vacations
Once people get a chance to relax and refresh, productivity
and work satisfaction increase. Yet worker absences may
create vacancies that can spread out too far to cover other
workers. Bringing temporary workers to bridge those gaps
helps maintain smooth running of things. While the idea of
getting a temporary professional up to speed might seem like
an additional administrative challenge alongside the vacancy
staffing Many experienced workers want to make a career
out of at work because they might not be able to take time off
when they need a full-time job.
2. Leaves of Absence
As Chief Executive, when an individual needs to take time off
for maternity or paternity leave, extended illness or other
personal matters, you are compassionate and supportive.
Even, it can leave you scratching without a star player in
your line-up.
Covering an absence leave can seem overwhelming, but
specialized staffing agencies may help you solve those
administrative challenges. Organizations should pre-evaluate
applicants who are willing to fill in before the full-time
employee returns for a few weeks or several months. In fact,
working with a temporary long-term candidate provides you
with a fantastic opportunity to evaluate his or her on-the-job
success in the event that the incumbent will not return, or
you choose to fill a similar role in the future.
3. Busy Seasons and Special Projects
When you encounter seasonal peaks or land a special project
at your company or organization, bringing in part-time
employees will help alleviate core working people at these
instances. Specialized recruiting firm will recommend
applicants who completed similar tasks and have the skill set
you need to fill out the team on a project-based basis.
4. The Unexpected Loss of an Employee or Personnel

to get a handle on in-progress work concurrently and If an

employee quits suddenly, you will be saddled find a
replacement-perhaps with as little as two weeks' notice. In
addition to recruiting skilled applicants looking for
temporary-to-full-time jobs, a professional staffing agency
will even have applicants ready to meet you the very next
day. This quick turnover can also be your outgoing employee
time to help with your new be onboard. A company or
organization may decide to revamp the job, restructure the
department or merge positions upon the leave of an employee
or staff.
Administrative Theory (Henri Fayol)

Henri Fayol's developed the administrative philosophy is also

known as 14 management principles. Henri Fayol was born
into a French family in the year 1841. He was a prolific
writer on technological, science, and management matters.
The Financial and General Management' was his most
excellent writing. He named to a Mining firm as an engineer.
By 1888 he had risen to the company's position of Managing
Director. He retired from the Executive position in 1918. He
was the company's managing director until his death. Henri
Fayol was an accomplished management practitioner.
The Fourteen Managerial Concepts are:

1. Division of Work: This principle the same as Adam Smith's

Division of labor.
2. Authority

Manager must be able to give the order. Authority gives this

right.
3. Discipline

Employees must obey and respect the rules and regulations

which governs the organization.
4. Unity of Command

Every employee should receive order or direction from only

one immediate superior.
5. Unity of Direction

Each group of the organization should be direction by one

manager using one plan
6. Subordination of Individual Interests to the General
Interest

The management must see that the aims of the businesses are
always supreme.
7.Remuneration of Personnel:

The labors must be paid a reasonable salary for their work..

8. Centralization:

The process of transforming assigning decision making

authority to a higher level of an organizational hierarchy, it is
centralization that should follow this.
9. Scalar Chain:

Line of authority from top management to the lower ranks

represents the hierarchy or scalar chain.
10. Order:

people and materials should be in the right place at the right

tim
11. Equity:

In running a business, a combination of kindness and justice

is need.
12. Stability of Tenure of Personnel:

All staffs work is well if job safety and career improvement

are guarantees to the team.
13. Initiative:

Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is

a source of stretch for the organization.
14. Esprit de Corps:

Promoting team spirit will build unity and harmony within

the organization.
THANK YOU