NAME: RASHID BILAL

DEPARTMENT: BS RIT
SEMESTER: 4 TH

SUBJECT: RST
PRESENTED TO: MAM SEERAT
SARFRAZ
 1: THERMOLUMINESCENCE
DOSIMETRY (TLD):
• DEFINITION:
TLD IS A DEVICE THAT IS
USED PERSONAL RADIATION DOSE
MONITORING.
TLD BADGE IS NOT
PROTECT THE USER FROM RADIATION
IT IS ONLY USED TO MEASURE THE
RADIATION DOSE.
PRINCIPLE:
• IT BASED ON THE PHENOMENON OF THERMOLUMINESCENCE,
THE EMISSION OF LIGHT WHEN CERTAIN MATERIALS ARE
HEATED AFTER RADIATION EXPOSURE.
• IT IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE AMOUNT OF
RADIATION ABSORBED.

INVENTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TLD:

IN EARLY 1960, CAMERON & CO-WORKERS FROM
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN DEVELOPED THE TLD BADGES USED
TO MEASURE RADIATIONS DOSE OF X-RAY, BETA-PARTICLES AND
GAMMA RADIATIONS.
TLD DOSE MANAGEMENT:
• IT CAN MEASURE HONEST DOSE OF
RADIATION LOWER THAN TO MICRO-SIVERT.
• TLD BADGE CAN MEASURE HIGH RANGE OF RADIATION DOSE
FROM 10 MILLIROENTGEN TO 10,000 R WITH ACCURACY.

GUIDELINE FOR USING TLD BANDAGE:

• TLD BADGES ARE TO BE USED ONLY BY THOSE PEOPLES
WHICH ARE RADIATION DIRECTLY WORKING IN RADIATIONS.
 KEPT/PLACED HANGED ON
CHEST LEVEL.
• IF LEAD APRON IS USED
THEN TLD BADGE SHOULD
BE WORN UNDER LEAD
APRON.
• IF LEAD APRON IS USED
WHEN WE WORKING IN
RADIATION FIELD FOR ANY
PROCEDURE LIKE (IVP,
BARIUM MEAL, SWALLOW,
FOLLOW THROUGH AND
OTHER PROCEDURES WE
ADVANTAGES OF TLD:
NOT SENSITIVE TO HEAT (BEST ADVANTAGE) OR
HUMIDITY/TEMPERATURE.
MORE SENSITIVE AND ACCURATE (GIVES ACCURATE
RADIATION DETECTION DOS).
IT CAN BE CHANGED MONTHLY.
• MAIN ADVANTAGE IS RE-USABLE.

DISADVANTAGES OF TLD:
• EXPENSIVE
• DON'T GIVE IMMEDIATE DOSE.
 2: OPTICALLY STIMULATED
LUMINESCENCE DOSIMETRY (OSL):
DEFINITION:
OPTICALLY
STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE (OSL)
IS A METHOD FOR MEASURING
DOSES FROM IONIZING RADIATION.
• IT USES ALUMINUM OXIDE
(AL2O3) AS THE RADIATION
DETECTOR.
INVENTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF OSL:
AN ADDITIONAL RADIATION DOSIMETER ESPECIALLY
ADAPTED FOR PERSONNEL MONITORING WAS DEVELOPED BY
LANDAUER IN THE LATE 1990S.

PRINCIPLE:
• IRRADIATION OF AL2O3, MOVES SOME ELECTRONS INTO AN
EXCITED STATE.
• DURING PROCESSING, LASER LIGHT STIMULATES THESE
ELECTRONS, CAUSING THEM TO RETURN TO THEIR GROUND STATE
WITH THE EMISSION OF VISIBLE LIGHT.
• THE INTENSITY OF THE VISIBLE LIGHT EMISSION IS PROPORTIONAL
TO THE RADIATION DOSE RECEIVED BY THE AL2O3.
DOSE RATE:
• MINIMUM REPORTABLE DOSE OF 10 ΜGYT, OSL IS MORE
SENSITIVE THAN TLD.
• OSL HAS A PRECISION OF 10 ΜGYT, WHICH BEATS TLD.

ADVANTAGES:
• REANALYSIS FOR CONFIRMATION OF DOSE.
• QUALITATIVE INFORMATION ABOUT EXPOSURE CONDITIONS.
• WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE.
• EXCELLENT LONG-TERM STABILITY.