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 Heat Exchanger Network

Chemical Process Design and

Simulation

Dr. Imran Nazir Unar

Department of Chemical Engineering
MUET Jamshoro

Heat Exchanger Network-Part-2 (Overview)

Example Problem of HEN
 Designing of HEN
• Designing a Heat Exchanger Network
• Problem Statement
Design a Heat Exchanger Network that has four process
streams with inlet temperatures of 30, 80, 150, 180°C and
respective outlet temperatures of 135, 140, 30, 60°C.

Note: In this problem we will use Temperature Interval

Method for Heat Exchanger Networks
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• A: Determine MER (Minimum Energy Requirement)
using Temp. Interval Method (TI).
Q=cmΔT =CΔT
Step: 1: Create the table of all streams
Streams Ts (°C) Tt (°C) C (kW/°C) Q (kW)
H1 180 60 3 360
Hot Load
H2 150 30 1 120 480
C1 30 135 2 210 Cold Load
C2 80 140 5 300 510

Assumption: Constant
w.r.t Temp.
Ts = Source Temp. , Tt = Target Temp.,
C: Heat capacity flowrate = m (mass flowrate) x c (heat capacity) = Energy/temp
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• A: Determine MER (Minimum Energy Requirement)
using Temp. Interval Method (TI).
Step: 2: Designate Δtmin = 10°C (A good start)
Streams Ts (°C) Tt (°C) Ts(°C) Tt (°C) C (kW/°C)
New New
H1 180 60 170 50 3
H2 150 30 140 20 1
C1 30 135 30 135 2
C2 80 140 80 140 5
- Subtract the ΔTmin from Ts and Tt of Hot streams
These are the
temperatures used
for making intervals
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• A: Determine MER (Minimum Energy Requirement)
using Temp. Interval Method (TI).
Step: 3: Development of Temperature Interval Scale
H1 H2 C1 C2
C=3 C=1 C=2 C=5

170
140

135

80
50
30

20
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• A: Determine MER
Step: 4: Enthalpy Calculations in each interval
Qsteam
Enthalpy b/w Each Interval Residual
170
1 ΔH1=(3)(30°C) = 90 kW 90 kW
140 (+)
2 ΔH2=(-1)(5°C) = -5 kW 85 kW
135 (+) Most
3 ΔH3=(-3)(55°C) = -165 kW -80 kW minimum
80 negative
(+)
-20 kW value
4 ΔH4=(2)(30°C) = 60 kW
50 (+)
5 ΔH5=(-1)(20°C) = -20 kW -40 kW
30 (+)
6 ΔH6=(1)(10°C) = 10 kW -30 kW
20
Qcold
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• A: Determine MER Reverse of most min.
negative residual
Step: 5: Final Pass Calculations - MER
Qsteam
Residual 80 kW Hot Utility
170 (+)
1 90 kW 170 kW
140 (+)
2 85 kW 165 kW
(+)
135
(+)
3 -80 kW 0 kW Pinch MER Targets
80 Point
4 -20 kW (+) 60 kW
50
5
-40 kW (+) 40 kW
30
6 -30 kW 50 kW Cold Utility
20
Qcold
 Heat Exchanger Network

Chemical Process Design and

Simulation

Dr. Imran Nazir Unar

Department of Chemical Engineering
MUET Jamshoro

Heat Exchanger Network-Part-3

Example Problem of HEN
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• B: Designing of Heat Exchanger Network.
Step: 1: Development of Stream Diagram across Pinch Point
Hot Stream Pinch Temperature: 90 °C
Cold Stream Pinch Temperature: 80 °C
C (kW/°C)

180°C 90°C 90°C 60°C

H1 3

150°C 90°C 90°C 30°C

H2 1
Pinch
135°C 80°C 80°C 30°C
C1 2

140°C 80°C 80°C 80°C

C2 5
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• B: Designing of Heat Exchanger Network.
Some Basics about Heat Exchangers
Thi Tho Ch
ΔT2 Q ΔT1
Tco Tci Cc

Ch and Cc are Specific Heat flowrates (Energy/Temp.)

Q=Ch (Thi – Tho) (Thi – Tho)= Q/Ch (ΔT2 – ΔT1)= Q (Cc – Ch)
Q=Cc (Tco – Tci) (Tco – Tci)= Q/Cc Taking difference Cc Ch

Hot side of Pinch: ΔT1=ΔTmin ΔT2=ΔTmin+ Q(Cc-Ch)/(Cc Ch) Cc ≥ Ch

Cold side of Pinch: ΔT2=ΔTmin ΔT1=ΔTmin- Q(Cc-Ch)/(Cc Ch) Ch ≥ Ci

 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• B: Designing of Heat Exchanger Network.
Step: 2: Connecting the Hot and Cold Streams
Hot Side Cold Side
Cc ≥ Ch Ch ≥ Ci C (kW/°C)

180°C A1 E1 60°C
90°C 90°C
H1 3
270kW
10kW
60kW B1 90°C 90°C
F1 80°C 30°C
H2 1
150°C
Pinch G
50kW 50kW
C1 C 80°C
2
135°C 110°C 80°C E2 35°C F2 30°C
B2
C2 30kW 90kW
D A2
5
140°C 134°C 80°C
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• B: Designing of Heat Exchanger Network.
Step: 3: Calculating the Heat Loads and Temp at various Nodes
At Node A1 At Node C At Node E1
Q=3(180-90)=270 kW Q=2(135-110)=50 kW Q=3(90-60)=90 kW
At Node A2 At Node E2
At Node D
Q=5(140-80)=300 kW Q=2(80-30)=100 kW
Q=5(140-134)=30 kW
At Node A2 At Node E2
270=5(X-80)=> X=134°C 90=2(80-X)=> X=35°C
At Node B1 At Node G At Node F1
Q=1(150-90)=60 kW Q=1(80-30)=50 kW Q=1(90-30)=60 kW
At Node B2 At Node F2
Q=2(135-80)=110 kW Q=2(35-30)=10 kW
At Node A2 At Node F2
60=2(X-80)=> X=110°C 10=1(90-X)=> X=80°C
 Designing of HEN
• Solution: This problem has two parts A and B.
• B: Designing of Heat Exchanger Network.
Step: 4: Final Diagram of Heat Exchanger Network
270kW 90kW 60°C
H1 180°C 90°C

60kW 10kW
150°C 90°C 80°C 30°C
H2

50kW
50kW
135°C 80°C
C1
110°C 35°C 30°C
30kW
C2 80°C
140°C 134°C
Total Heating Load = 50 + 30 = 80 kW
Total Cooling Load = 50 kW
Thank you