RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE

Presented by –
Rodinpuii
Roll/no – 30
BSc Nursing 2nd Year
NEPNI College of Nursing
DEFINITION

Rheumatic heart disease is a chronic condition resulting from

rheumatic fever that is characterized by scarring and deformity of the
heart valves.
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRAID
 INCIDENCE
• Rheumatic heart disease causes at least 2,00,000 to 2,50,000
premature deaths every year.It is also the major cause of
cardiovascular death in children and young adults in countries that
have poor medical attention.

IN INDIA

In India,the prevalence of RHD is estimated at around 0-9 cases per

1000 children in the age group of 5-14 years.Presuming 20% of the
country’s total population is in 5-14 years age group,it is estimated that
there are around 2.18 lakhs cases of RHD in the country.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Fever
Painful joints especially knees ankles,elbow and wrist
Fatigue
Heart murmur
Chest pain or discomfort
Shortness of breath
Swelling of the stomach,hands or feet
Rapid or irregular heart beat,etc
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Diagnosis may include :
1. Physical examination
2. Medical history
3. Chest X Ray
4. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
5. Echocardiogram
6. Blood tests
7. Cardiac MRI
COMPLICATION

Some complication of rheumatic heart disease include

1. Heart failure
2. Bacterial endocarditis
3. Complication of pregnancy and delivering due to heart damage
4. Ruptured heart valve
MANAGEMENT
• MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
- Antibiotic therapy
- NSAIDs
- Corticosteroids
- Anticonvulsants
• SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
- Heart surgery such as valve repair or valve replacement
• NURSING MANAGEMENT
PREVENTION

• Primary prevention

• Secondary prevention
CONCLUSION

Rheumatic heart disease is one of the most common and preventable

acquired heart diseases,with valvular heart damage as the
hallmark.Although the number of cases in developed countries has
been reduced drastically , the same cannot be said of developing
countries.