CONDUCTOMERIC

TITRATION
 INTRODUCTION

It is the process of qualitative chemical analysis in which

concentration of sample is determined. This is done by adding
titrant of known concentration of measured volumes to the
sample (anylate)

Electrical conductivity of an electrolyte solution depends on:

• Type of ions
• Concentration of ion
• Temperature
• Mobility of ions.

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Determine the morality and amount per dm3 of given HCl by titrating it

against a standard base conductometrically .

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 ●
PRINCIPLE OF
CONDUCTOMETRIC
TITRATION
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 “
During a titration process, one ion is
replaced with another and the
difference in the ionic conductivities
of these ions directly impacts the
overall electrolytic conductivity of
the solution.

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 THEORY

◎ end-point corresponding to the titration process can be

determined by means of conductivity measurement.
◎ For a neutralization reaction between an acid and a base,
the addition of the base would lower conductivity of the
solution initially. 
◎ After the equivalence point is reached, the concentration
of the ionic entities will increase. This, in turn, increases
the conductance of the solution.

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 STRONG ACID vs STRONG
BASE
H+ + Cl¯ + Na+ + OH → Na+ + Cl¯ + H₂0
(analyte) (titrant)

High ionic conductivity - {H+ and OH-}

Low ionic conductivity - {Na+ and Cl-}

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TITRATION CURVE

equivalence
point/neutralisation
point is determined
graphically

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 APPARATUS CHEMICALS

• Conductometer • Hydrochloric acid

• conductivity cell (HCI)
• beaker • sodium hydroxide
(NaOH),
• pipete
• conductivity water.
• burette
• conical flask.

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This diagram is
shoshowing a
conductometer and
conductivity cell

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PROCEDURE

1. 2. 3.
HCl solution 0.1M of Calibration of
of unknown NaOH instrument is
strength is solution is done at room
provided provided temperature

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CONDUCTOMETRIC
TITRATION
i) Rinse the conductivity cell a number of times with conductivity
water or double distilled water.

ii) Pipette out 20 mL of HCl in a beaker and dip the conductivity

cell in it, so that the cell should dip completely in solution.

iii) Note the temperature of the sample solution and accordingly

set the temperature control or keep the cell in a thermostat at
room temperature.

iv) Add small amount of NaOH solution (few drops) from burette,
stir it and measure the conductance after each addition.

v) Take at least five readings beyond the end point.

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 OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS

A graph is plotted between conductance and volume of titrant (NaOH

solution). Two intersecting lines will be obtained and the points of
intersection of these lines represent the equivalent point.
Let, V₂ be the volume of NaOH at the equivalent point (from graph) and the
strength of acid is S, and strength of NaOH solution is S₂ = 0.1(M).

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 20 x S₁ = V₂S₂

S₁=(V₂S₂/20) (M)

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CALCULATION
From the graph we consider following information;

V1 and S1
Volume of HCl= 20mL
Strength or Molarity of acid=S= ?

V2 and S2
Volume of NaOH= 12mL
Strength or Molarity of base= 0.1M

So, by using formula

S1= 12×0.1/20
=0.06 M

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 CONCLUSION

The strength/molarity of the acid is 0.06 (M)

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Amount of acid in dm³

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SOME POINTS TO BE
DISCUSSED
1. Normally, the coloured solution which can not be
titrated with volumetric method using indicator can be
titrated by the conductometric method.

ii) The conductometric titration method can be used in

case of weak acid vs. weak base and also in case of
very dilute solutions.

iii) Near the end point, no special case is necessary as

it is determined graphically.

iv) Temperature during the experiment should be kept

constant as conductance depends on temperature.

v)Stirring should be done after each addition of titrant.

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 Thanks!

Any questions?

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