PEMERIKSAAN KECELAKAAN KAPAL

DANGEROUS, HAZARDOUS AND HARMFUL

CARGOES
 The Accident Chain of Events
• Dangerous goods can be substances or
articles.

• In their basic form most are substances,

however these can be incorporated into
articles or another substance.

• E.g. lithium is a substance but a battery

containing lithium is an article.
 WHY ?
• Lithium UN1415 Class 4.3

• Lithium Hydroxide UN2680 Class 8

• Lithium Batteries UN3090 Class 9

 DIFFERENCES
• The use of the terms ‘DANGEROUS GOODS’
(SOLAS)

• The use of the term ‘HARMFUL SUBSTANCES’

(MARPOL)
 Carriage of dangerous
goods in Packaged Form
(SOLAS VII, MARPOL III, IMDG Code)
• Outlines of SOLAS Chapter VII
Part A: Carriage of dangerous goods in
packaged form

• Outlines of MARPOL Annex III

Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by
Harmful Substances Carried by Sea In Packaged
Form

• Outlines of IMDG Code

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
 INTERVIEW compare with ANALYSIS
What to remember ??
• Classification used by IMDG
• Package and Tank Requirements
• Consignment Procedures
• Limited and Excepted Quantities
• Transport Operations

Remember:
Were all of these inspected before?
WAS IT ACCIDENTS or INCIDENTS ?
ALWAYS another REMEMBER :
Emergency Action Procedures

Fire Prevention

Where to find?
Consult with IMDG Code, Volume 1, Chapter 7.3
 BARGE ?
BULK CARRIER ?
• Every new amendment was started from new
major or serious accidents !!

• The carriage of solid bulk cargoes should be

exercised in accordance with the relevant
provisions of SOLAS 74 Chapter VII, which are
amplified by the International Maritime Solid
Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC Code)
 NOT LISTED IN THE IMSBC Code ?
• Laboratory test procedures, associated
apparatus and standards.

• Three methods of testing:

1. flow table test
2. penetration test
3. proctor/fagerberg test
 Resist temptation!
• No matter how tempting, never assume you
know what happened!!

• Resist the temptation to look for evidence

that supports a particular theory that you
might have.

(Confirmation bias)
 And get started as soon as
possible!
• The sooner you can start collecting evidence
the better. Best within 24 hours.
• Human evidence deteriorates even faster!

(What do we mean by human evidence?)

QUESTION ??
or

BREAK TIME ??
PEMERIKSAAN KECELAKAAN KAPAL
MARPOL 73/78 ANNEX I & ANNEX II
 Protocol I (including amendments)
Provisions concerning Reports on Incidents Involving Harmful Substances
(in accordance with article 8 of the Convention)
Article I
Duty to report
(1) The master or other person having charge of any ship involved in an
incident referred to in article II of this Protocol shall report the
particulars of such incident without delay and to the fullest extent
possible in accordance with the provisions of this Protocol.
(2) In the event of the ship referred to in paragraph (1) of this article being
abandoned, or in the event of a report from such a ship being
incomplete or unobtainable, the owner, charterer, manager or operator
of the ship, or their agent shall, to the fullest extent possible, assume
the obligations placed upon the master under the provisions of this
Protocol
 Protocol I (including amendments)
Provisions concerning Reports on
Incidents Involving Harmful Substances
(in accordance with article 8 of the Convention)
Article II
When to make reports
(1) The report shall be made when an incident involves:
(a) a discharge above the permitted level or probable discharge of
oil or of noxious liquid substances for whatever reason
including those for the purpose of securing the safety of the
ship or for saving life at sea; or
(b) a discharge or probable discharge of harmful substances in
packaged form, including those in freight containers, portable
tanks, road and rail vehicles and shipborne barges; or
 POWERS
CASUALTY INVESTIGATION CODE 2008
Chapter 8: Powers of an investigation

ALL STATES SHALL ENSURE THAT THEIR NATIONAL

LAWS PROVIDE INVESTIGATOR(S) CARRYING OUT A
MARINE SAFETY INVESTIGATION WITH THE ABILITY
TO BOARD A SHIP, INTERVIEW THE MASTER AND
CREW AND ANY OTHER PERSON INVOLVED, AND
ACQUIRE EVIDENTIAL MATERIAL FOR THE PURPOSE
OF A MARINE SAFETY INVESTIGATION
 IOPP CERTIFICATE
Check items of IOPP certificate
• Type of ship?
• Gross tonnage? More than 10,000 GRT or not?
• Date of last survey and validity?
• Supplement: record of construction and its equipment
• When was the ship built or date of keel laid ?
• What equipments does the ship have for the prevention of marine
pollution in accordance with the regulation?

comments:
IOPP certificate used for:
• oil tankers it is 150 GRT and above : or
• ships other than oil tankers it is 400 GRT and above.
 Item 2.3.1 & 2.3.3 on the IOPP
supplement
2.3 Approval standards:
2.3.1 The separating / filtering equipment
2.3.3 The oil content meter:
(Oil Content Meter required ship’s size ≥ 10,000 GT)
has been approved in accordance with:
1. Resolution A.393 (X)
(keel was laid before 29-04-1994)
2. Resolution MEPC.60 (33)
(keel was laid before 31-12-2004 from after 30-04-1994)
3. Resolution MEPC.107 (49)
(keel was laid / equipment was newly installed on or after 01-01-2006)
Contoh susunan pemipaan untuk

BILGE KAMAR MESIN & MINYAK LIMBAH

Air bersih 15ppm

Bilge
Lumpur dan air keruh
Air keruh (Tk. Minyak limbah) 21
• Ini adalah contoh dari diagram pemipaan.

① Air berminyak dikumpulkan dalam bilge well

② dan dipompa ke tangki utama oleh bilge pump.
③ Air berminyak secara kasar dipisahkan menjadi minyak dan air dalam tangki utama.
④ Minyak mengalir ke tangki minyak limbah.
⑤ Air mengalir ke bilge tank.
⑥ Air lambung kapal dipompa dan diproses dalam Oily Water Separator (Pemisah Air
Berminyak).
⑦ Air bersih dibuang ke laut.
⑧ Minyak yang terpisah mengalir ke tangki minyak limbah.

Garis hitam : lumpur kotor.

① Lumpur kotor dikumpulkan dalam tangki lumpur.
② Minyak lumpur dibakar dalam incinerator (alat pembakar limbah) atau dipindahkan ke
fasilitas penampungan di pantai.

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 Examination of Oil Record Book
Part I (Machinery Spaces operation)

• Dirty ballast (A) . (B)

• Sludge (C)
• Bilge water (D) . (E)
• Bunkering of F.O or bulk L.O (H)
• Additional operation (I)
(C) Pengumpulan dan pembuangan residu minyak (lumpur dan residu lainnya).

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 INTERVIEW

• Oily Water Separator Condition

• Sea chest condition
• Duty Engineer
• Assess bilge piping line & leakages
• Procedure of Maintenance and Operation
For petroleum oil tankers, the following
can be checked and interviewed.
 Is every part of the cargo containment system free from leakage of
flammable liquids? (pumps, lines, valves, flanges etc.)
 Is every part of the ship other than the cargo containment system
free of significant accumulation of flammable liquid from the cargo?
 Are uncontrolled sources of ignition absent? (funnel sparks,
electrical storms etc.)
 Are the following openings to the cargo containment system
correctly set?
• Cargo tank lids
• Ullage or sighting ports
• Cargo tank vents
• Washing or purging openings
For petroleum oil tankers, the following
can be checked and interviewed.
 Are segregated ballast tanks lids closed?
 Are hazardous areas free of naked lights?
 Has all repair work been authorised?
 Is supervision of cargo handling operations satisfactory?
 Are manifold connections properly made?
 Are unused manifold connections blanked?
 Are deck scuppers plugged?
 Is sand available to absorb small spillages?
 Are fire-fighting appliances ready for immediate use?
For petroleum oil tankers, the following
can be checked and interviewed.
 Has a ship-shore safety checklist been completed and
signed?
 Is a copy of the Terminal Emergency Procedures on
board?
 Are openings to accommodation and other spaces on or
overlooking the tank deck closed?
 Is the ship ready to move under its own power at short
notice, or is immobility approved by the port authority?
 Are emergency towing wires correctly rigged?
 Is the cargo ventilation system in good condition? (flame
screen, vent lines, P/V valves)
 Are flames screens to other tank openings in good
condition?
 Are warning notices exhibited?
For petroleum oil tankers, the following
can be checked and interviewed.
 Are tanker safety publications on board?
 Are combustible gas indicators in air and in oxygen
deficient atmosphere in working order?
 Is pump room clean and tidy?
 Is engine room clean and tidy?
 Are tank deck and other spaces clean and tidy?
 Is a spill tank/drip tray provided at the manifold?
 Is rescue equipment for tanks or pumproom in good
condition and ready for use?
For chemical carriers, the following can
be checked.
Has hazardous cargo been stowed in
accordance with the Certificate of Fitness?
Has full information been provided on the
substances abroad the ship and the substances
being handled?
Are emergency towing wires correctly rigged?

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 Are pump room ventilation system
operating?
 Is a responsible officer supervising all cargo
operations?
 Is medical first-aid equipment ready for use?
 Are cargo transfer hoses in good condition,
adequately connected and properly
supported?

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 Has effective communication been
established between the ship and shore
facility?
 Has all unauthorised work on the ship
ceased?
 Are all tank openings, other than vents,
from which hazardous vapour can be
expelled to atmosphere securely closed?

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 Is the ship ready to move under its own
power?
 Are flame screens in ullage ports in good
condition?
 Are openings to accommodation and other
spaces on or overlooking the tank deck
closed?

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 Are fire hoses or monitors ready for use
both forward of and abaft the manifold?
 Is pressure maintained in the fire main or a
pump kept on standby ready for immediate
use?
 Are two portable extinguishers placed near
the manifold?

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END