UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF MEDIA

STUDIES
MA(J&MC)
Broadcast Journalism
22JMT-651

Stages of Television production DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

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 LECTURE OBJECTIVES
The Course aims to:

To Establish conceptual knowledge of Television production.

1
To Make students learn about different stages of TV Production.
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To Aware students about requirement of TV production process.
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 Stages of Television
production
Course Outcome
CO DESIGN ELEMENTS Level
No.
CO4 Create basic journalistic writings for Create
broadcast journalism.

Stages of TV Production
https://images.app.goo.gl/J6h1EZHLrg3nqebr5

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PHASES OF PRODUCTION

Idea to Script

• 1. PRE-PRODUCTION Planning

Shooting

• 2. PRODUCTION

Post-shooting

• 3. POST-PRODUCTION
PRE-PRODUCTION

FROM IDEA TO SCRIPT

• Use the brain, generate idea

• Ideas come from various sources
• From life experience, interaction etc.
• Best way is Observation
• Choose the best from all ideas
• Before zeroing keep yourself on the viewers seat
• Examine various ways to present it
PRE-PRODUCTION

SCRIPTING

• Script is the backbone of any television production.

• May have technical expertise but without a good script can’t get good output.
• Translate your ideas into a good script.
• Do enough research before scripting.
• Script should be completely error free.
• Scripting is writing with right words and imagination.
PRE-PRODUCTION

STORYBOARDING

• Storyboards pictorially represent the shots in a sequential order.

• Used in shorter videos like commercials/Public service messages.
• Directors prefer storyboards even for full length feature films.
• It provides a platform for brain storming.
• Help to visualize the entire film as it will be seen on screen.
• Help to avoid missing shots during filming.
• Help to decide who will appear in each scene.
• Help to decide the camera angle is best suited for the shot.
PRE-PRODUCTION

STORYBOARDING

• Normally drawn in rectangles on a sheet.

• Storyboard usually represent a scene.

• Need not be perfect but just indicative of shot sizes, transitions, camera movements,

audio and duration of each shot.

• Usually drawn with a pencil to help edit and make changes.

PRE-PRODUCTION

STORYBOARDING

Shot-1 Shot-3

Shot-2 Shot-4
PRE-PRODUCTION

PLANNING

• Location Hunting: Do a recce of the location before shooting.

• Budgeting: Prepare a budget of the complete shooting, crew payments and all other

cash flow for the programme.

• Requisitioning facilities: Make requisition for all equipments , men and machine.
PRE-PRODUCTION

PLANNING

• Procuring Permits: Take prior permission in written from the authorities to use their

location/resources.

• Shooting Schedule: Make a complete shooting schedule.

• Briefing the Crew: Brief each and every crew member about the role and

requirements.
PRODUCTION

THE SHOOTING STAGE

• Its time to jump to the field basing on the pre-production plans.

• Manage Video equipments: All equipments are sensitive and need utmost care. Handle those

properly.

• Checklist: Make a checklist of all equipments along with the persons/crew members those who

will handle it.

• Blocking, Rehearsing and Shooting: Making the shot blocks and rehearsal required in fiction

programmes.
PRODUCTION

THE SHOOTING STAGE

• Planning and Executing the shots: Basing on

the storyboard plan the shots, make the
sequences and go for shooting.

• Handling the Master Shot: For the safe side

take master shots, then record all other shots.

• Reviewing the Shots: Review all recorded shots

and make a cross check with the storyboard
before leaving the location.
PRODUCTION
On field action by the crew during shooting
POST-PRODUCTION

• After Shooting is over the post-production starts

• It involves a number of activities.

• Most important part is editing.

• The final product or the desired output comes after post-production.

• This phase also includes the promotion of the content.

POST-PRODUCTION

LOGGING

• Logging means simply making the list of different shots on a tape.

• All shots are noted down from the RUSHES tape.

• All shots are noted with their TCR (Time Code ).

• List out the OK and Not Good (NG) Shots.

• Log sheet contains the tape number, Production title etc.

POST-PRODUCTION

EDITING

• Editing can be done by Linear Edit System or Non-Linear Edit Systems.

• In Linear editing it is done tape-to-tape editing.
• Non-linear Editing is flexible and can be intervened as and when required.
• At the end of the editing special effects and graphics are used.
POST-PRODUCTION

EDITING

• If the film/story needs a voice over, then it should be given at this stage.
• Voice over plays a vital role in Audio-Visual production.
• All music, sound effects should be there with the editor.
• In final output editor must make it free from visual jerks, jump cuts, gory visuals and
unacceptable shots.
• Ensure that all texts used in the final video must be correct in spelling and syntax.

 
POST-PRODUCTION

PREVIEW/CLOSING

• When the final video output is ready, then there is a need of preview.
• The preview should be done by a team.
• The preview team must include the Director, Producer, Editor, Cinematographer and some
outsiders.
• Self censor the video before it reaches people.
• Take out at least 3 print outs either on tape or DVD/VCD of the output.
• Now close the file and hand it over to the client.
TOPIC OUTCOME

• Students came to know the different techniques of

television production.
• Students understood the phases of television
production.
• Students understood the basics of television
production.
 REFERENCES

• Video Production: Vasuki Belabadi

• Audio visual journalism : B.N.Ahuja
• Journalism: Who, what, when, where, why and How: James
Glen Stovall.
• Broadcast News Handbook: Writing, Reporting, and
Producing
 
THANK YOU

For Queries Contact: shail.uims@cumail.in

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