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Khushboo Spectros
Khushboo Spectros
SESSION- 2022-23
CORE 9- Questioned Document
DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC SCIENCE
TOPIC – Spectroscopic Technique For Document and Ink examination
GUIDED BY- Ms. Blessi Uikey Mam
*SPECTROSCOPIC
TECHNIQUES
The choice of the spectroscopic technique depends on several factors,
such as the type and amount of ink available, the sensitivity and
specificity of the method, the cost and availability of the equipment,
and the degree of damage to the document. Some techniques are non-
destructive, meaning that they do not alter or consume the ink
sample, while others are destructive, meaning that they require a
small amount of ink to be removed or dissolved for analysis. Some
techniques are qualitative, meaning that they can only identify the
presence or absence of certain features, while others are
quantitative, meaning that they can measure the amount or
concentration of certain components. Some techniques are simple and
fast, while others are complex and time-consuming.
*Choice of technique
*UV-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY
* UV visible spectroscopy is a technique that uses ultraviolet and
visible light to measure the absorption or emission of a sample. The
wavelength range lies between 200nm to 800nm. It can provide
information about the color, composition, and origin of the ink. It
basically tells about the concentration analysis.
* The Basic Principle on which this UV VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY works id
the BEER-LAMBERT’S LAW.
*BEER-LAMBERT’S LAW
The Beer-Lambert law states that:
for a given material sample path length and concentration of the sample are
directly proportional to the absorbance of the light.
A = εLc
where,
RAMAN
SPECTROMETER
INSTRUMENTATION
*OTHER LEAST COMMON
TECHNIQUES FOR EXAMINATION
* Some inks contain magnetic particles that can be detected by NMR.
* Some inks have unique elemental compositions that can be analyzed
by SEM.
* Some inks can be separated into their components by GC-MS and
identified by their mass spectra.
These techniques are less used due their very high costs and no
guarantee of results. Mass spectroscopy gives good results but is
extremely lengthy process because it is combined with gas
chromatography.
*References
* https://locardslab.com/2014/12/17/raman-spectroscopy-ink-
analysis/
* https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Spectroscopic-techniq
ues-applied-in-the-analysis-of-ink_tbl1_312497982
* www.sciencedirect.com/journal/talanta-open
* Journal’s URL:http://www.bepls.com
* https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijac/2019/5980967/
* Raman Spectroscopy of Documents (spectroscopyonline.com)
* https://www.atascientific.com.au/spectrometry/#:~:text=Sp
ectroscopy%20is%20the%20study%20of,into%20a%20rainbow%2
0of%20colours
.
* Methods for Ink Analysis & Paper Analysis - Forensic Yard
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